Future CMB constraints on cosmic birefringence and implications for fundamental physics

Abstract

The primary scientific target of the CMB polarization experiments that are currently being built and proposed is the detection of primordial tensor perturbations. As a byproduct, these instruments will significantly improve constraints on cosmic birefringence, or the rotation of the CMB polarization plane. If convincingly detected, cosmic birefringence would be a dramatic manifestation of physics beyond the standard models of particle physics and cosmology. We forecast the bounds on the cosmic polarization rotation (CPR) from the upcoming ground-based Simons Observatory (SO) and the space-based LiteBIRD experiments, as well as a "fourth generation" ground-based CMB experiment like CMB-S4 and the mid-cost space mission PICO. We examine the detectability of both a stochastic anisotropic rotation field and an isotropic rotation by a constant angle. CPR induces new correlations of CMB observables, including spectra of parity-odd type in the case of isotropic CPR, and mode-coupling correlations in the anisotropic rotation case. We find that LiteBIRD and SO will reduce the 1$\sigma$ bound on the isotropic CPR from the current value of 30 arcmin to 1.5 and 0.6 arcmin, respectively, while CMB-S4-like and PICO will reduce it to $\sim 0.1$ arcmin. The bounds on the amplitude of a scale-invariant CPR spectrum will be reduced by 1, 2 and 3 orders of magnitude by LiteBIRD, SO and CMB-S4-like/PICO, respectively. We discuss implications of the forecasted CPR bounds for pseudoscalar fields, primordial magnetic fields (PMF), and violations of Lorentz invariance. We find that CMB-S4-like and PICO can reduce the 1$\sigma$ bound on the amplitude of the scale-invariant PMF from 1 nG to 0.1 nG, while also probing the magnetic field of the Milky Way. They will also significantly improve bounds on the axion-photon coupling, placing stringent constraints on the string theory axions.

arXiv comment14 pages, 1 figure, 5 tables; minor corrections in V2, matches the version published in PRD

References in corpus (139)

• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Preliminary Maps and Basic Results
• Cosmology and the Fate of Dilatation Symmetry
• Lorentz-Violating Extension of the Standard Model
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Final Maps and Results
• Axion Cosmology
• CPT Violation and the Standard Model
• BICEP2 I: Detection Of B-mode Polarization at Degree Angular Scales
• Axions In String Theory
• The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
• Data Tables for Lorentz and CPT Violation
• Gravity, Lorentz Violation, and the Standard Model
• 4-Year COBE DMR Cosmic Microwave Background Observations: Maps and Basic Results
• Quintessence and the Rest of the World
• Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe
• Statistics of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• Noncommutative Field Theory and Lorentz Violation
• A Joint Analysis of BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck Data
• Signature of Gravity Waves in Polarization of the Microwave Background
• Evidence for strong extragalactic magnetic fields from Fermi observations of TeV blazars
• Cosmology with Ultra-light Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone Bosons
• Origin of Galactic and Extragalactic Magnetic Fields
• A Probe of Primordial Gravity Waves and Vorticity
• Cosmological Magnetic Fields: Their Generation, Evolution and Observation
• Cosmological Signature of New Parity-Violating Interactions
• BICEP2 / Keck Array VI: Improved Constraints On Cosmology and Foregrounds When Adding 95 GHz Data From Keck Array
• Detection of Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background using DASI
• Mass Reconstruction with CMB Polarization
• CPT, Strings, and Meson Factories
• Electrodynamics with Lorentz-violating operators of arbitrary dimension
• Gravitational Lensing Effect on Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• The origin, evolution and signatures of primordial magnetic fields
• An improved limit on the axion-photon coupling from the CAST experiment
• EGMF Constraints from Simultaneous GeV-TeV Observations of Blazars
• Particle Physics from Stars
• Lower limit on the strength and filling factor of extragalactic magnetic fields
• A limit on the detectability of the energy scale of inflation
• Perturbative analysis on infrared aspects of noncommutative QED on R^4
• A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background B-Mode Polarization Power Spectrum at Sub-Degree Scales with POLARBEAR
• Axions from Strings: the Attractive Solution
• Improved measurements of the temperature and polarization of the CMB from QUaD
• An improved map of the Galactic Faraday sky
• What Do We Know About Lorentz Invariance?
• Faraday Rotation of Microwave Background Polarization by a Primordial Magnetic Field
• Spacetime-varying couplings and Lorentz violation
• Microwave Background Signatures of a Primordial Stochastic Magnetic Field
• Sensitive polarimetric search for relativity violations in gamma-ray bursts
• The First Magnetic Fields
• The PVLAS experiment: measuring vacuum magnetic birefringence and dichroism with a birefringent Fabry-Perot cavity
• Extreme TeV blazars and the intergalactic magnetic field
• Searching for CPT Violation with Cosmic Microwave Background Data from WMAP and BOOMERANG
• Lorentz-violating electrodynamics and the cosmic microwave background
• Cosmic Microwave Background Statistics for a Direction-Dependent Primordial Power Spectrum
• The Imprint of Gravitational Waves on the Cosmic Microwave Background
• CMB anisotropies from primordial inhomogeneous magnetic fields
• Analyzing weak lensing of the cosmic microwave background using the likelihood function
• Observable non-gaussianity from gauge field production in slow roll inflation, and a challenging connection with magnetogenesis
• Astrophysical Tests of Lorentz and CPT Violation with Photons
• Fermi/LAT observations of 1ES 0229+200: implications for extragalactic magnetic fields and background light
• Massive Neutrinos and Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe
• Overview of the SME: Implications and Phenomenology of Lorentz Violation
• Parity violation constraints using 2006-2007 QUaD CMB polarization spectra
• Measurements of Sub-degree B-mode Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background from 100 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data
• Cosmological acceleration, varying couplings, and Lorentz breaking
• Magnetic field production during preheating at the electroweak scale
• Effect on cosmic microwave background polarization of coupling of quintessence to pseudoscalar formed from the electromagnetic field and its dual
• Second and third season QUaD CMB temperature and polarization power spectra
• CMB Polarization Systematics Due to Beam Asymmetry: Impact on Inflationary Science
• Self-Calibration of CMB Polarization Experiments
• Pseudoscalar perturbations and polarization of the cosmic microwave background
• How to De-Rotate the Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• Strong Equivalence, Lorentz and CPT Violation, Anti-Hydrogen Spectroscopy and Gamma-Ray Burst Polarimetry
• Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Signals from Tangled Magnetic Fields
• POLARBEAR Constraints on Cosmic Birefringence and Primordial Magnetic Fields
• The full contribution of a stochastic background of magnetic fields to CMB anisotropies
• Polarization of the Microwave Background in Defect Models
• Long-term dynamics of cosmological axion strings
• Lower Bounds on Intergalactic Magnetic Fields from Simultaneously Observed GeV-TeV Light Curves of the Blazar Mrk 501
• New CMB constraints for Abelian Higgs cosmic strings
• De-Rotation of the Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization: Full-Sky Formalism
• Constraints on CPT violation from WMAP three year polarization data: a wavelet analysis
• B polarization of the CMB from Faraday rotation
• The Impact of Stochastic Primordial Magnetic Fields on the Scalar Contribution to Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies
• Faraday Rotation Limits on a Primordial Magnetic Field from WMAP Five-Year Data
• First CMB Constraints on Direction-Dependent Cosmological Birefringence from WMAP-7
• Measuring the speed of cosmological gravitational waves
• CMB Polarization Systematics, Cosmological Birefringence and the Gravitational Waves Background
• Effects of modified gravity on B-mode polarization
• Constraining a spatially dependent rotation of the Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• How to simulate global cosmic strings with large string tension
• Self-Calibration of BICEP1 Three-Year Data and Constraints on Astrophysical Polarization Rotation
• Constraints on Primordial Magnetic Fields from Planck combined with the South Pole Telescope CMB B-mode polarization measurements
• Depolarization of the cosmic microwave background by a primordial magnetic field and its effect upon temperature anisotropy
• Testing CPT Symmetry with CMB Measurements
• Probes of Lorentz Violation
• BICEP2 / Keck Array IX: New Bounds on Anisotropies of CMB Polarization Rotation and Implications for Axion-Like Particles and Primordial Magnetic Fields
• Of pNGB QuiNtessence
• Did BICEP2 see vector modes? First B-mode constraints on cosmic defects
• Testing Lorentz Invariance Violation with WMAP Five Year Data
• Leptogenesis and Primordial Magnetic Fields
• Primordial Magnetism in the CMB: Exact Treatment of Faraday Rotation and WMAP7 Bounds
• Probing CPT Violation with CMB Polarization Measurements
• Testing CPT Symmetry with CMB Measurements: Update after WMAP5
• PICO: Probe of Inflation and Cosmic Origins
• Exploring Parameter Constraints on Quintessential Dark Energy: the Pseudo-Nambu Goldstone Boson Model
• Constraints on direction-dependent cosmic birefringence from Planck polarization data
• Fluctuations of cosmological birefringence and the effect on CMB B-mode polarization
• WMAP 7 year constraints on CPT violation from large angle CMB anisotropies
• Confronting pNGB quintessence with data
• Magnetic fields from inflation: The CMB temperature anisotropies
• CMB Faraday rotation as seen through the Milky Way
• Constraints on the fundamental string coupling from B-mode experiments
• Probing Primordial Magnetism with Off-Diagonal Correlators of CMB Polarization
• Scale-invariant helical magnetic field evolution and the duration of inflation
• Revealing Cosmic Rotation
• Planck intermediate results. XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data
• Cosmological birefringence constraints from CMB and astrophysical polarization data
• Bayesian Analysis of the Polarization of Distant Radio Sources: Limits on Cosmological Birefringence
• Searching for Primordial Magnetic Fields with CMB B-modes
• Searching for primordial magnetism with multi-frequency CMB experiments
• Imprint of Scalar Dark Energy on Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• Numerical analysis of formation and evolution of global strings in 2+1 dimensions
• Constraints on cosmological birefringence energy dependence from CMB polarization data
• Constraints on cosmological birefringence from Planck and Bicep2/Keck data
• Exploring circular polarization in the CMB due to conventional sources of cosmic birefringence
• Neutrino number asymmetry and cosmological birefringence
• Inflationary Birefringence and Baryogenesis
• Non-Uniform Cosmological Birefringence and Active Galactic Nuclei
• Testing CPT Symmetry with Current and Future CMB Measurements
• Cosmological CPT Violation and CMB Polarization Measurements
• New Constraints on Anisotropic Rotation of CMB Polarization
• New constraints on cosmic polarization rotation from the ACTPol cosmic microwave background B-Mode polarization observation and the BICEP2 constraint update
• An efficient probe of the cosmological CPT violation
• Impact of Instrumental Systematic Contamination on the Lensing Mass Reconstruction using the CMB Polarization
• Primordial Gravitational Waves Measurements and Anisotropies of CMB Polarization Rotation
• Impact of Instrumental Systematics on the CMB Bispectrum
• Cosmic Polarization Rotation in view of the recent CMB experiments

Cited by in corpus (36)

• Relieving the Hubble tension with primordial magnetic fields
• New physics from the polarised light of the cosmic microwave background
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Constraints on Cosmic Birefringence
• Searching for Anisotropic Cosmic Birefringence with Polarization Data from SPTpol
• Cosmic Birefringence and Electroweak Axion Dark Energy
• Stability of domain wall network with initial inflationary fluctuations, and its implications for cosmic birefringence
• A CMB Millikan Experiment with Cosmic Axiverse Strings
• Probing Axion-like Particles via CMB Polarization
• CMB birefringence from ultra-light axion string networks
• Power spectrum of domain-wall network and its implications for isotropic and anisotropic cosmic birefringence
• Cosmic Birefringence Triggered by Dark Matter Domination
• Cosmic Birefringence Test of the Hubble Tension
• Planck 2018 constraints on anisotropic birefringence and its cross-correlation with CMB anisotropy
• Redshift evolution of cosmic birefringence in CMB anisotropies
• Cosmic Birefringence from Monodromic Axion Dark Energy
• Searching for axion-like particles through CMB birefringence from string-wall networks
• Cosmic Birefringence: Cross-Spectra and Cross-Bispectra with CMB Anisotropies
• Ultra-light axions and the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
• Probing cosmic strings by reconstructing polarization rotation of the cosmic microwave background
• Determination of Polarization Angles in CMB Experiments and Application to CMB Component Separation Analyses
• Simultaneous determination of the cosmic birefringence and miscalibrated polarisation angles from CMB experiments
• Reconstructing Cosmic Polarization Rotation with ResUNet-CMB
• The Impact of Early Massive Galaxy Formation on the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Impact of Anisotropic Birefringence on Measuring Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing
• Exact CMB B-mode power spectrum from anisotropic cosmic birefringence
• Computing Microwave Background Polarization Power Spectra from Cosmic Birefringence
• Finding Evidence for Inflation and the Origin of Galactic Magnetic Fields with CMB Surveys
• Simultaneous determination of the cosmic birefringence and miscalibrated polarization angles II: Including cross frequency spectra
• Cosmological Magnetic Fields from Primordial Kerr-Newman Black Holes
• Constraining cosmic polarization rotation and implications for primordial B-modes
• Limits on the Carroll-Field-Jackiw electrodynamics from geomagnetic data
• The Odd-Parity Part of the Observed Galaxy Trispectrum
• Nonminimal Lorentz Violation in Macroscopic Matter
• The optical analogy between a Lorentz-violating cosmos and a Magneto-Electric medium
• A novel test of Lorentz violation in the photon sector with an LC circuit
• Geometric Baryogenesis with Chiral-Time Equivalence