Rank-2 $U(1)$ spin liquid on the breathing pyrochlore lattice

Abstract

Higher-rank generalisations of electrodynamics have recently attracted considerable attention because of their ability to host "fracton" excitations, with connections to both quantum stabilizer codes and holography. However, the search for higher-rank gauge theories in experiment has been greatly hindered by the lack of materially-relevant microscopic models. Here we show how a spin liquid described by rank-2 $U(1)$ gauge theory can arise in a magnet on the breathing pyrochlore lattice. We identify Yb-based breathing pyrochlores as candidate systems, and make explicit predictions for how the rank-2 $U(1)$ spin liquid would manifest itself in experiment.

arXiv comment5 pages, 4 figures, with supplemental material. To appear on Phys. Rev. Lett

References in corpus (69)

• Quantum Spin Liquids
• Spin Ice State in Frustrated Magnetic Pyrochlore Materials
• Quantum Spin Liquid States
• Local stabilizer codes in three dimensions without string logical operators
• Pyrochlore Photons: The U(1) Spin Liquid in a S=1/2 Three-Dimensional Frustrated Magnet
• Fracton Topological Order, Generalized Lattice Gauge Theory and Duality
• Quantum Glassiness
• Fractons
• Quantum Spin Ice: A Search for Gapless Quantum Spin Liquids in Pyrochlore Magnets
• Properties of a classical spin liquid: the Heisenberg pyrochlore antiferromagnet
• Low-temperature properties of classical, geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets
• Quantum Excitations in Quantum Spin Ice
• A New Kind of Topological Quantum Order: A Dimensional Hierarchy of Quasiparticles Built from Stationary Excitations
• The "Coulomb phase" in frustrated systems
• Subdimensional Particle Structure of Higher Rank U(1) Spin Liquids
• Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet: A Three-Dimensional Quantum Spin Liquid
• Coulombic Quantum Liquids in Spin-1/2 Pyrochlores
• Generalized Electromagnetism of Subdimensional Particles: A Spin Liquid Story
• Fracton-Elasticity Duality
• Seeing the light : experimental signatures of emergent electromagnetism in a quantum spin ice
• Power-law spin correlations in pyrochlore antiferromagnets
• Weyl magnons in breathing pyrochlore antiferromagnets
• Experimental signatures of a three-dimensional quantum spin liquid in effective spin-1/2 Ce2Zr2O7 pyrochlore
• Quantum Ice : a quantum Monte Carlo study
• The Higgs Mechanism in Higher-Rank Symmetric $U(1)$ Gauge Theories
• Unusual liquid state of hard-core bosons on the pyrochlore lattice
• Fracton topological order from Higgs and partial confinement mechanisms of rank-two gauge theory
• Emergent Gravity of Fractons: Mach's Principle Revisited
• Chiral Topological Elasticity and Fracton Order
• Ordering in the pyrochlore antiferromagnet due to Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interactions
• Breathing Pyrochlore Lattice Realized in A-Site Ordered Spinel Oxides LiGaCr4O8 and LiInCr4O8
• Theory of multiple--phase competition in pyrochlore magnets with anisotropic exchange, with application to Yb2Ti2O7, Er2Ti2O7 and Er2Sn2O7
• Living on the edge : ground-state selection in quantum spin-ice pyrochlores
• Frustration and anisotropic exchange in ytterbium magnets with edge-shared octahedra
• Fracton Topological Order from Nearest-Neighbor Two-Spin Interactions and Dualities
• Gapless Bosonic Excitation without symmetry breaking: Novel Algebraic Spin liquid with soft Gravitons
• Disordered Route to the Coulomb Quantum Spin Liquid: Random Transverse Fields on Spin Ice in Pr${}_2$Zr${}_2$O${}_7$
• Candidate Quantum Spin Liquid in the Ce\textsuperscript{3+} Pyrochlore Stannate Ce${}_2$Sn${}_2$O${}_7$
• Fracton topological phases from strongly coupled spin chains
• Quasiparticle Breakdown and Spin Hamiltonian of the Frustrated Quantum Pyrochlore Yb${}_2$Ti${}_2$O${}_7$ in Magnetic Field
• Cyclic exchange, isolated states and spinon deconfinement in an XXZ Heisenberg model on the checkerboard lattice
• Hyperbolic Fracton Model, Subsystem Symmetry, and Holography
• Experimental signatures of emergent quantum electrodynamics in Pr${}_2$Hf${}_2$O${}_7$
• Emergent Gravity at a Lifshitz Point from a Bose Liquid on the Lattice
• Antiferromagnetic Quantum Spins on the Pyrochlore Lattice
• Numerical evidence of quantum melting of spin ice: quantum-classical crossover
• Pinch Point Singularities of Tensor Spin Liquids
• Experimental Realization of a Quantum Breathing Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet
• A spin liquid with pinch-line singularities on the pyrochlore lattice
• Anisotropic exchange within decoupled tetrahedra in the quantum breathing pyrochlore Ba3Yb2Zn5O11
• Bond algebraic liquid phase in strongly correlated multiflavor cold atom systems
• Recoverable Information and Emergent Conservation Laws in Fracton Stabilizer Codes
• Dynamics of Topological Excitations in a Model Quantum Spin Ice
• Bosonic Many-body Theory of Quantum Spin Ice
• Novel Phase Transitions in the Breathing Pyrochlore Lattice: 7Li-NMR on LiInCr4O8 and LiGaCr4O8
• Quantum spin ice with frustrated transverse exchange: from pi-flux phase to nematic quantum spin liquid
• Quantum spin ice on the breathing pyrochlore lattice
• Flat bands and Dirac cones in breathing lattices
• Low-Energy Excitations and Ground State Selection in Quantum Breathing Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet Ba${}_3$Yb${}_2$Zn${}_5$O${}_{11}$
• Ground-state selection and spin-liquid behaviour in the classical Heisenberg model on the breathing pyrochlore lattice
• Dirac's "magnetic monopole" in pyrochlore ice U(1) spin liquids: Spectrum and classification
• Ising Like Order by Disorder In The Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interactions
• Magnetic and Structural Properties of A-Site Ordered Chromium Spinel Sulfides: Alternating Antiferromagnetic and Ferromagnetic Interactions in the Breathing Pyrochlore Lattice
• Direct experimental observation of the molecular Jeff=3/2 ground state in the lacunar spinel GaTa4Se8
• Majorana Quantum Lego, a Route Towards Fracton Matter
• Classical Spin Nematic Transition in LiGa${}_{0.95}$In${}_{0.05}$Cr${}_4$O${}_8$
• Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya-Induced Order in the Spin-Liquid Phase of the S=1/2 Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet
• Structural, magnetic, electric, dielectric, and thermodynamic properties of multiferroic GeV4S8
• Pyrochlore antiferromagnet with antisymmetric exchange interactions: critical behavior and order from disorder

Cited by in corpus (59)

• Orbital effects in solids: basics, recent progress and opportunities
• Anomalous Diffusion in Dipole- and Higher-Moment Conserving Systems
• Foliated Quantum Field Theory of Fracton Order
• Crystal-to-Fracton Tensor Gauge Theory Dualities
• Topological Defect Networks for Fractons of all Types
• Fractonic Chern-Simons and BF theories
• Twisted foliated fracton phases
• Topological Route to New and Unusual Coulomb Spin Liquids
• Position-Dependent Excitations and UV/IR Mixing in the ${\mathbb{Z}}_N$ Rank-2 Toric Code and its Low-Energy Effective Field Theory
• Gauging permutation symmetries as a route to non-Abelian fractons
• Fragmentation in Frustrated Magnets -- A review
• Fractons from polarons
• Quantum effects on unconventional pinch point singularities
• Hydrodynamics of dipole-conserving fluids
• Combined approach to analyze and classify families of classical spin liquids
• Symmetry fractionalization in the gauge mean-field theory of quantum spin ice
• Symmetric $\mathrm{U}(1)$ and ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ spin liquids on the pyrochlore lattice
• Fracton magnetohydrodynamics
• Fractonic plaquette-dimer liquid beyond renormalization
• Competing Gauge Fields and Entropically-Driven Spin Liquid to Spin Liquid Transition in non-Kramers Pyrochlores
• Competing quantum spin liquids, gauge fluctuations, and anisotropic interactions in a breathing pyrochlore lattice
• Anomalous suppression of large-scale density fluctuations in classical and quantum spin liquids
• Thermal Expansion and Volume Magnetostriction in Breathing Pyrochlore Magnets LiACr${}_4$X${}_8$ (A = Ga, In, X = O, S)
• Fractons from frustration in hole-doped antiferromagnets
• Realization of fractonic quantum phases in the breathing pyrochlore lattice
• Renormalization group analysis on emergence of higher rank symmetry and higher moment conservation
• A Classical Chiral Spin-Liquid from Chiral Interactions on the Pyrochlore Lattice
• Odd Fracton Theories, Proximate Orders, and Parton Constructions
• Fragmented spin ice and multi-$k$ ordering in rare-earth antiperovskites
• Electric Circuit Realizations of Fracton Physics
• Fracton excitations in classical frustrated kagome spin models
• Bilinear Majorana representations for spin operators with spin magnitudes $S>1/2$
• Exotic Symmetry Breaking Properties of Self-Dual Fracton Spin Models
• Classification of Classical Spin Liquids: Topological Quantum Chemistry and Crystalline Symmetry
• Fragile spin liquid in three dimensions
• Dynamical Signatures of Rank-2 $U(1)$ Spin Liquids
• Higher-Rank Spin Liquids and Spin Nematics from Competing Orders in Pyrochlore Magnets
• Beyond Single Tetrahedron Physics of Breathing Pyrochlore Compound Ba3Yb2Zn5O11
• Irrational moments and signatures of higher-rank gauge theories in diluted classical spin liquids
• Fractonic self-duality and covariant magnetic fractons
• Quantum effects on pyrochlore higher-rank U(1) spin liquids: Pinch-line singularities, spin nematics, and connections to oxide materials
• 2-Form U(1) Spin Liquids: Classical Model and Quantum Aspects
• Breathing pyrochlore magnet CuGaCr${}_4$S${}_8$: Magnetic, thermodynamic, and dielectric properties
• Human-machine collaboration: ordering mechanism of rank-2 spin liquid on breathing pyrochlore lattice
• Neutron scattering from fragmented frustrated magnets
• Vison crystal in quantum spin ice on the breathing pyrochlore lattice
• Hybrid Symmetry Breaking in Classical Spin Models With Subsystem Symmetries
• Third-order Orbital Corner State and its Realization in Acoustic Crystals
• Unconventional spin transport in strongly correlated kagome systems
• Pinch-line spin liquids as layered Coulomb phases and applications to cubic models
• Synthesis and characterization of the novel breathing pyrochlore compound Ba3Tm2Zn5O11
• Theta electromagnetism in quantum spin ice: Microscopic analysis of improper symmetries
• Crystallography, Group Cohomology, and Lieb-Schultz-Mattis Constraints
• The origin and scarcity of breathing pyrochlore lattices in spinel oxides
• Classification and correlation signatures of chiral spin liquids on the pyrochlore lattice
• Mapping the Phase Diagram of a Frustrated Magnet: Degeneracies, Flat Bands, and Canting Cycles on the Pyrochlore Lattice
• Analytic description of spin waves in dipolar/octupolar pyrochlore magnets
• Anisotropic Spin Ice on a Breathing Pyrochlore Lattice
• Quantum Coulomb Liquids of Different Rank in the Breathing Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet