A Long-Duration Luminous Type IIn Supernova KISS15s: Strong Recombination Lines from the Inhomogeneous Ejecta-CSM Interaction Region and Hot Dust Emission from Newly Formed Dust

Abstract

We report the discovery of an SN1988Z-like type IIn supernova KISS15s found in a low-mass star-forming galaxy at redshift z=0.038 during the course of the Kiso Supernova Survey (KISS). KISS15s shows long-duration optical continuum and emission line light curves, indicating that KISS15s is powered by a continuous interaction between the expanding ejecta and dense circumstellar medium (CSM). The H$\alpha$ emission line profile can be decomposed into four Gaussians of narrow, intermediate, blue-shifted intermediate, and broad velocity width components, with a full width at half maximum of $\lesssim 100$, $\sim 2,000$, and $\sim 14,000$ km s${}^{-1}$ for the narrow, intermediate, and broad components, respectively. The presence of the blue-shifted intermediate component, of which the line-of-sight velocity relative to the systemic velocity is about $-5,000$ km s${}^{-1}$, suggests that the ejecta-CSM interaction region has an inhomogeneous morphology and anisotropic expansion velocity. We found that KISS15s shows increasing infrared continuum emission, which can be interpreted as hot dust thermal emission of $T\sim 1,200$ K from newly formed dust in a cool, dense shell in the ejecta-CSM interaction region. The progenitor mass-loss rate, inferred from bolometric luminosity, is $\dot{M}\sim 0.4M_{\odot }{\text{yr}}^{-1}(v_w/40\text{km}{\text{s}}^{-1})$, where $v_w$ is the progenitor's stellar wind velocity. This implies that the progenitor of KISS15s was a red supergiant star or a luminous blue variable that had experienced a large mass-loss in the centuries before the explosion.

arXiv comment43 pages, 29 figures, and 12 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ) 2019 January 15

References in corpus (106)

• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE): Mission Description and Initial On-orbit Performance
• Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
• Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Three Year Results: Implications for Cosmology
• Star Formation in Galaxies Along the Hubble Sequence
• The Host Galaxies of AGN
• Binary companions of evolved stars in APOGEE DR14: Search method and catalog of ~5,000 companions
• The Origin of the Mass--Metallicity Relation: Insights from 53,000 Star-Forming Galaxies in the SDSS
• The physical properties of star forming galaxies in the low redshift universe
• Correcting for the Effects of Interstellar Extinction
• Detailed Structural Decomposition of Galaxy Images
• Theoretical Modeling of Starburst Galaxies
• K-corrections and filter transformations in the ultraviolet, optical, and near infrared
• Cosmic-Ray Rejection by Laplacian Edge Detection
• Mass Loss: Its Effect on the Evolution and Fate of High-Mass Stars
• The Pan-STARRS1 Photometric System
• Achieving better than 1 minute accuracy in the Heliocentric and Barycentric Julian Dates
• Nearby Supernova Rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. II. The Observed Luminosity Functions and Fractions of Supernovae in a Complete Sample
• WISeREP - An Interactive Supernova Data Repository
• Initial Performance of the NEOWISE Reactivation Mission
• Pulsational Pair-Instability Supernovae
• The Green Valley is a Red Herring: Galaxy Zoo reveals two evolutionary pathways towards quenching of star formation in early- and late-type galaxies
• The Expulsion of Stellar Envelopes in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Observed Fractions of Core-Collapse Supernova Types and Initial Masses of their Single and Binary Progenitor Stars
• Nearby Supernova Rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. III. The Rate-Size Relation, and the Rates as a Function of Galaxy Hubble Type and Colour
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey-II Supernova Survey: Technical Summary
• On Extending the Mass-Metallicity Relation of Galaxies by 2.5 Decades in Stellar Mass
• An Open Catalog for Supernova Data
• SkyMapper Southern Survey: First Data Release (DR1)
• Confined Dense Circumstellar Material Surrounding a Regular Type II Supernova: The Unique Flash-Spectroscopy Event of SN 2013fs
• Photometric Response Functions of the SDSS Imager
• Generalized Semi-Analytical Models of Supernova Light Curves
• Dust sublimation by GRBs and its implications
• Caltech Core-Collapse Project (CCCP) observations of type IIn supernovae: typical properties and implications for their progenitor stars
• Dust extinction from Balmer decrements of star-forming galaxies at 0.75<z<1.5 with HST/WFC3 spectroscopy from the WISP survey
• High Density Circumstellar Interaction in the Luminous Type IIn SN 2010jl: The first 1100 days
• Luminous Blue Variable eruptions and related transients: Diversity of progenitors and outburst properties
• Preparing for an Explosion: Hydrodynamic Instabilities and Turbulence in Presupernovae
• SN 2006tf: Precursor Eruptions and the Optically Thick Regime of Extremely Luminous Type IIn Supernovae
• A Comparative Study of the Absolute-Magnitude Distributions of Supernovae
• Setting the Stage for Circumstellar Interaction in Core-Collapse Supernovae II: Wave-Driven Mass Loss in Supernova Progenitors
• Rapid formation of large dust grains in the luminous supernova SN 2010jl
• Deriving model-based T${}_e$-consistent chemical abundances in ionised gaseous nebulae
• Broad emission lines from opaque electron-scattering environment of SN 1998S
• The SDSS Coadd: 275 deg^2 of Deep SDSS Imaging on Stripe 82
• SN 1997bs in M66: Another Extragalactic Eta Carinae Analog?
• Carnegie Supernova Project: Observations of Type IIn supernovae
• Coronal lines and dust formation in SN 2005ip: Not the brightest, but the hottest Type IIn supernova
• Barycentric Corrections at 1 cm/s for precise Doppler velocities
• Spectral Evolution of the Extraordinary Type IIn Supernova 2006gy
• How much 56Ni can be produced in Core-Collapse Supernovae? : Evolution and Explosions of 30 - 100 Msun Stars
• Revisiting the Lick Observatory Supernova Search Volume-Limited Sample: Updated Classifications and Revised Stripped-Envelope Supernova Fractions
• Multi-wavelength Observations of the Enduring Type IIn Supernovae 2005ip and 2006jd
• The wind speeds, dust content, and mass-loss rates of evolved AGB and RSG stars at varying metallicity
• Interacting Supernovae: Types IIn and Ibn
• PTF11iqb: Cool supergiant mass loss that bridges the gap between Type IIn and normal supernovae
• Dust inflated accretion disc as the origin of the Broad Line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Variety in Supernovae
• An Analytic Bolometric Light Curve Model of Interaction-Powered Supernovae and its Application to Type IIn Supernovae
• SN 2010jl: Optical to hard X-ray observations reveal an explosion embedded in a ten solar mass cocoon
• A Spitzer Survey for Dust in Type IIn Supernovae
• Absolute-Magnitude Distributions of Supernovae
• SN 1994W: An Interacting Supernova or Two Interacting Shells?
• Low-Resolution Sodium D Absorption is a Bad Proxy for Extinction
• Numerical simulations of super-luminous supernovae of type IIn
• Python Leap Second Management and Implementation of Precise Barycentric Correction (barycorrpy)
• SN 2010jl in UGC 5189: Yet another luminous type IIn supernova in a metal-poor galaxy
• Thermal and non-thermal emission from circumstellar interaction
• Discovery of transient infrared emission from dust heated by stellar tidal disruption flares
• Mass-loss histories of Type IIn supernova progenitors within decades before their explosion
• Disentangling the Origin and Heating Mechanism of Supernova Dust: Late-Time Spitzer Spectroscopy of the Type IIn SN 2005ip
• SN 1988Z: Spectro-photometric catalogue and energy estimates
• Multi-epoch Spectroscopy of Dwarf Galaxies with AGN Signatures: Identifying Sources with Persistent Broad H-alpha Emission
• Multi-epoch spectropolarimetry of SN 2009ip: direct evidence for aspherical circumstellar material
• Systematic Blueshift of Line Profiles in the Type IIn Supernova 2010jl: Evidence for Post-Shock Dust Formation?
• Faint Supernovae and Supernova Impostors: Case studies of SN2002kg/NGC2403-V37 and SN 2003gm
• Constraints on core-collapse supernova progenitors from explosion site integral field spectroscopy
• Late-Time Circumstellar Interaction in a Spitzer Selected Sample of Type IIn Supernovae
• Metallicity at the explosion sites of interacting transients
• Models of interacting supernovae and their spectral diversity
• The Type IIn SN 1995G: Interaction with the CSM
• Clues To The Nature of SN 2009ip from Photometric and Spectroscopic Evolution to Late Times
• Evidence for Pre-Existing Dust in the Bright Type IIn SN 2010jl
• Endurance of SN 2005ip after a decade: X-rays, radio, and H-alpha like SN 1988Z require long-lived pre-supernova mass loss
• Environments of interacting transients: Impostors and type IIn supernovae
• The circumstellar medium of the peculiar supernova SN1997ab
• On Luminous Blue Variables as the Progenitors of Core-Collapse Supernovae, especially Type IIn Supernovae
• Extraordinary Late-Time Infrared Emission of Type IIn Supernovae
• SN2010jp (PTF10aaxi): A Jet-Driven Type II Supernova
• Properties of Newly Formed Dust Grains in The Luminous Type IIn Supernova 2010jl
• Delayed Shock-induced Dust Formation in the Dense Circumstellar Shell Surrounding the Type IIn Supernova SN 2010jl
• SN 2008iy: An Unusual Type IIn Supernova with an Enduring 400 Day Rise Time
• Electron scattering wings on lines in interacting supernovae
• Optical observations of the luminous Type IIn Supernova 2010jl for over 900 days
• Detection of a Type IIn Supernova in Optical Follow-up Observations of IceCube Neutrino Events
• The Peculiar Balmer Decrement of SN 2009ip: Constraints on Circumstellar Geometry
• Kiso Supernova Survey (KISS): Survey Strategy
• Bipolar Symbiotic Planetary Nebulae in the Thermal-IR: M2-9, Mz3, and He2-104
• Constraining Physical Properties of Type IIn Supernovae through Rise Times and Peak Luminosities
• Early Dust Formation and a Massive Progenitor for SN 2011ja?
• Type IIn SN~2010jl: probing dusty line-emitting shell
• The SkyMapper Transient Survey
• Near infrared spectroscopy of the type IIn SN 2010jl: evidence for high velocity ejecta
• KOSMOS and COSMOS: New facility instruments for the NOAO 4-meter telescopes
• The relationship between variable and polarized optical spectral components of luminous type 1 non-blazar quasars

Cited by in corpus (14)

• Supernova ejecta interacting with a circumstellar disk. I. two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations
• The Carnegie Supernova Project II. The shock wave revealed through the fog: The strongly interacting Type IIn SN 2013L
• Challenging the AGN scenario for JWST/NIRSpec LRD and non-LRD broad H$\alpha$ emitters in light of non-detection of NIRCam photometric variability and X-ray
• A Mid-infrared Study of Superluminous Supernovae
• Supernova explosions interacting with aspherical circumstellar material: implications for light curves, spectral line profiles, and polarization
• An H-alpha survey of the host environments of 77 type IIn supernovae within z<0.02
• On the diversity of strongly-interacting Type IIn supernovae
• The Carnegie Supernova Project II. Observations of SN 2014ab possibly revealing a 2010jl-like SN IIn with pre-existing dust
• JADES reveals a large population of low mass black holes at high redshift
• Large Cold Dust Reservoir Revealed in Transitional SN Ib 2014C by James Webb Space Telescope Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy
• Multi-wavelength View of the Type IIn Zoo: Optical to X-ray Emission Model of Interaction-Powered Supernovae
• Multiple giant eruptions and X-ray emission in the recoiling AGN/LBV candidate SDSS1133
• Spitzer's Last Look at Extragalactic Explosions: Long-Term Evolution of Interacting Supernovae
• Fading Echoes of Interaction: Probing Centuries of Preexplosion Mass-Loss in Four Type IIn Supernovae