Cosmologically viable generalized Einstein-Aether theories

Abstract

We investigate generalized Einstein-Aether theories that are compatible with the Planck Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy, polarisation, and lensing data. For a given dark energy equation of state, $w_{\mathrm{de}}$, we formulate a designer approach and we investigate their impact on the CMB temperature anisotropy and matter power spectra. We use the Equation of State approach to parametrize the perturbations and find that this approach is particularly useful in identifying the most suitable and numerically efficient parameters to explore in a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis. We find the data constrains models with $w_{\mathrm{de}}=-1$ to be compatible with $\Lambda$CDM. For $w_{\mathrm{de}}\ne -1$ models, which avoid the gravitational waves constraint through the entropy perturbation, we constrain $w_{\mathrm{de}}$ to be $w_{\mathrm{de}}=-1.06_{-0.03}^{+0.08}$ (CMB) and $w_{\mathrm{de}}=-1.04_{-0.02}^{+0.05}$ (CMB+Lensing) at $68\%$C.L., and find that these models can be different from $\Lambda$CDM and still be compatible with the data. We also find that these models can ameliorate some anomalies in $\Lambda$CDM when confronted with data, such as the low-$\ell$ and high-$k$ power in the CMB temperature anisotropy and matter power spectra respectively, but not simultaneously. We also investigate the anomalous lensing amplitude, quantified by $A_{\mathrm{lens}}$, and find that that for $w_{\mathrm{de}}=-1$ models, $A_{\mathrm{lens}}=1.15_{-0.08}^{+0.07}$ (CMB) and $A_{\mathrm{lens}}=1.12\pm 0.05$ (CMB+Lensing) at $68\%$C.L. $\sim$ 2$\sigma$ larger than expected, similar to previous analyses of $\Lambda$CDM.

arXiv comment20 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables. Public version of the code will be released upon acceptance by PRD

References in corpus (75)

• Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
• Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• Modified Gravity and Cosmology
• Cosmological Imprint of an Energy Component with General Equation of State
• Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• Quantum Gravity at a Lifshitz Point
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) II: Approximation schemes
• A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant
• k-Inflation
• Cosmological Perturbation Theory in the Synchronous vs. Conformal Newtonian Gauge
• Cosmological Perturbation Theory in the Synchronous and Conformal Newtonian Gauges
• New Hubble Space Telescope Discoveries of Type Ia Supernovae at z > 1: Narrowing Constraints on the Early Behavior of Dark Energy
• Kinetically Driven Quintessence
• A gravitational-wave standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant
• Generalized G-inflation: Inflation with the most general second-order field equations
• From k-essence to generalised Galileons
• Dark Energy after GW170817: dead ends and the road ahead
• Gravity with a dynamical preferred frame
• The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: Joint measurements of the expansion and growth history at z < 1
• Strong constraints on cosmological gravity from GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• Conservative Constraints on Early Cosmology: an illustration of the Monte Python cosmological parameter inference code
• Dark Energy after GW170817 and GRB170817A
• Implications of the Neutron Star Merger GW170817 for Cosmological Scalar-Tensor Theories
• Imperfect Dark Energy from Kinetic Gravity Braiding
• A healthy extension of Horava gravity
• The Effective Field Theory of Dark Energy
• Testing General Relativity in Cosmology
• Planck intermediate results. XLVI. Reduction of large-scale systematic effects in HFI polarization maps and estimation of the reionization optical depth
• Constraining f(R) Gravity as a Scalar Tensor Theory
• Einstein-Aether Waves
• Planck 2015 results. XIV. Dark energy and modified gravity
• f(R) Gravity and scalar-tensor theory
• Breaking a Dark Degeneracy with Gravitational Waves
• Modifying gravity with the Aether: an alternative to Dark Matter
• The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). Galaxy clustering and redshift-space distortions at z=0.8 in the first data release
• Dynamics of Linear Perturbations in f(R) Gravity
• Challenges to Self-Acceleration in Modified Gravity from Gravitational Waves and Large-Scale Structure
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): improved cosmic growth measurements using multiple tracers of large-scale structure
• Gravitational Rainbows: LIGO and Dark Energy at its Cutoff
• Cosmic Microwave Weak lensing data as a test for the dark universe
• A unifying description of dark energy
• Extended Horava gravity and Einstein-aether theory
• The Parameterized Post-Friedmann Framework for Theories of Modified Gravity: Concepts, Formalism and Examples
• Probing modifications of General Relativity using current cosmological observations
• Constraints on Einstein-aether theory after GW170817
• Can We See Lorentz-Violating Vector Fields in the CMB?
• 3D Cosmic Shear: Cosmology from CFHTLenS
• The fate of large-scale structure in modified gravity after GW170817 and GRB170817A
• The Parameterized Post-Friedmannian Framework for Interacting Dark Energy Theories
• What can Cosmology tell us about Gravity? Constraining Horndeski with Sigma and Mu
• Hořava Gravity after GW170817
• Gravitational waves in Einstein-æther and generalized TeVeS theory after GW170817
• Vector field models of modified gravity and the dark sector
• Constraints on deviations from $\Lambda$CDM within Horndeski gravity
• The parameter space in Galileon gravity models
• Constraining Lorentz violation with cosmology
• A general theory of linear cosmological perturbations: scalar-tensor and vector-tensor theories
• Anisotropic perturbations due to dark energy
• Gravitational wave constraints on dark sector models
• Testing Lorentz invariance of dark matter
• Finding Horndeski theories with Einstein gravity limits
• Cosmological constraints on deviations from Lorentz invariance in gravity and dark matter
• Perturbations In A Non-Uniform Dark Energy Fluid: Equations Reveal Effects of Modified Gravity and Dark Matter
• Viability of vector-tensor theories of gravity
• Cornering the Planck $A_{lens}$ tension with future CMB data
• Cosmological Perturbations in Elastic Dark Energy Models
• Parameterizing dark sector perturbations via equations of state
• f(R) as a dark energy fluid
• Cosmological perturbation theory in Generalized Einstein-Aether models
• Computing model independent perturbations in dark energy and modified gravity
• Do cosmological data rule out $f(\mathcal{R})$ with $w\ne -1$?
• A covariant approach to parameterised cosmological perturbations

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Static Spherically Symmetric Einstein-aether models I: Perfect fluids with a linear equation of state and scalar fields with an exponential self-interacting potential
• Static Spherically Symmetric Einstein-aether models II: Integrability and the Modified Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff approach
• Comparison of different approaches to the quasi-static approximation in Horndeski models
• Mass-Temperature relation in $\Lambda$CDM and modified gravity
• Existence of New Singularities in Einstein-Aether Theory
• Dark sector evolution in Horndeski models
• Spontaneous color polarization as a modus originis of the dynamic aether
• A note on non singular Einstein-Aether cosmologies
• Consistent cosmological structure formation on all scales in relativistic extensions of MOND