Phase structure of neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in strong magnetic fields in neutron stars

Abstract

We discuss the effect of a strong magnetic field on neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluidity. Based on the attraction in the ${}^3{P}_2$ pair of two neutrons, we derive the Ginzburg-Landau equation in the path-integral formalism by adopting the bosonization technique and leave the next-to-leading order in the expansion of the magnetic field $B$. We determine the $(T,B)$ phase diagram with temperature $T$, comprising three phases: the uniaxial nematic (UN) phase for $B=0$, D${}_2$-biaxial nematic (BN) and D${}_4$-BN phases in finite $B$ and strong $B$ such as magnetars, respectively, where D${}_2$ and D${}_4$ are dihedral groups. We find that, compared with the leading order in the magnetic field known before, the region of the D${}_2$-BN phase in the $(T,B)$ plane is extended by the effect of the next-to-leading-order terms of the magnetic field. We also present the thermodynamic properties, such as heat capacities and spin susceptibility, and find that the spin susceptibility exhibits anisotropies in the UN, D${}_2$-BN, and D${}_4$-BN phases. This information will be useful to understand the internal structures of magnetars.

11 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (53)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Magnetars
• From hadrons to quarks in neutron stars: a review
• From low-momentum interactions to nuclear structure
• Pairing in nuclear systems: from neutron stars to finite nuclei
• Rapid Cooling of the Neutron Star in Cassiopeia A Triggered by Neutron Superfluidity in Dense Matter
• Magnetars: the physics behind observations
• Cooling neutron star in the Cassiopeia~A supernova remnant: Evidence for superfluidity in the core
• Cooling neutron stars and superfluidity in their interiors
• Direct Observation of the Cooling of the Cassiopeia A Neutron Star
• 3P_2-3F_2 pairing in neutron matter with modern nucleon-nucleon potentials
• Ferromagnetism of quark liquid
• Vortices and Other Topological Solitons in Dense Quark Matter
• Discrete symmetries and 1/3-quantum vortices in condensates of F=2 cold atoms
• Collision Dynamics and Rung Formation of Non-Abelian Vortices
• Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Neutron Stars
• Pairing states of spin-3/2 fermions: Symmetry-enforced topological gap functions
• Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Neutron Stars
• Neutron Stars in the Laboratory
• Triplet pairing in beta-stable neutron star matter
• Neutrino emission from triplet pairing of neutrons in neutron stars
• Spin Polarized Asymmetric Nuclear Matter and Neutron Star Matter Within the Lowest Order Constrained Variational Method
• Quasi-Nambu-Goldstone Modes in Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Goldstone Bosons in the 3P2 Superfluid Phase of Neutron Matter and Neutrino Emission
• Universalities of Triplet Pairing in Neutron Matter
• Ferromagnetic neutron stars: axial anomaly, dense neutron matter, and pionic wall
• ${}^3{P}_2$-${}^3{F}_2$ Pairing in Dense Neutron Matter: The Spectrum of Solutions
• Triplet Pairing in Neutron Matter
• Spin Polarization and Color Superconductivity in Quark Matter
• Nuclear pairing from microscopic forces: singlet channels and higher-partial waves
• Continuity of vortices from the hadronic to the color-flavor locked phase in dense matter
• Superfluid phases of triplet pairing and rapid cooling of the neutron star in Cassiopeia A
• Colorful boojums at the interface of a color superconductor
• Quark-hadron continuity under rotation: Vortex continuity or boojum?
• Abe homotopy classification of topological excitations under the topological influence of vortices
• Goldstone modes in the neutron star core
• Magnetic Properties of Quantized Vortices in Neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ Superfluids in Neutron Stars
• Triplet Pairing in pure neutron matter
• Collective modes of the order parameter in a triplet superfluid neutron liquid
• Topology and symmetry of surface Majorana arcs in cyclic superconductors
• ${}^3{P}_2$ Superfluids Are Topological
• The low lying modes of triplet-condensed neutron matter and their effective theory
• Neutrino emission from spin waves in neutron spin-triplet superfluid
• Zero sound in triplet-correlated superfluid neutron matter
• Neutrino emissivity of ${}^3{P}_2$-${}^3{F}_2$ superfluid cores in neutron stars
• Neutrino emissivity of anisotropic neutron superfluids
• Superfluid phases of triplet pairing and neutrino emission from neutron stars
• Collective excitations of a quantized vortex in ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Possible Ferromagnetism in the Large N(c) and N(f) limit of quark matter
• Massive and massless modes of the triplet phase of neutron matter
• Possibility of ferromagnetic neutron matter
• Ferromagnetism of dense matter and magnetic properties of neutron stars

Cited by in corpus (17)

• Reexamining Ginzburg-Landau theory for neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluidity in neutron stars
• Non-Abelian Alice strings in two-flavor dense QCD
• Microscopic description of axisymmetric vortices in ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids
• Domain walls in neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Critical endpoint and universality class of neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Topological confinement of vortices in two-flavor dense QCD
• Non-Abelian Half-Quantum Vortices in ${}^3{P}_2$ Topological Superfluids
• Coexistence phase of ${}^1{S}_0$ and ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Non-Abelian Anyons and Non-Abelian Vortices in Topological Superconductors
• Topological defects at the boundary of neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Spin-polarized phases of ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Core structures of vortices in Ginzburg-Landau theory for neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids
• Alice meets Boojums in neutron stars: vortices penetrating two-flavor quark-hadron continuity
• Proximity effects of vortices in neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars: Vortex core transitions and covalent bonding of vortex molecules
• Strongly interacting matter in extreme magnetic fields
• Symmetry classification of uniform states in spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates and neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids
• Emergent chirality and superfluidity of parity-doubled baryons in neutron stars