${}^3{P}_2$ Superfluids Are Topological

Abstract

We clarify topology of ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids which are expected to be realized in the inner cores of neutron stars and cubic odd-parity superconductors. ${}^3{P}_2$ phases include uniaxial/biaxial nematic phases and nonunitary ferromagnetic and cyclic phases. We here show that all the phases are accompanied by different types of topologically protected gapless fermions: Surface Majorana fermions in nematic phases and a quartet of (single) itinerant Majorana fermions in the cyclic (ferromagnetic) phase. Using the superfluid Fermi liquid theory, we also demonstrate that dihedral-two and -four biaxial nematic phases are thermodynamically favored in the weak coupling limit under a magnetic field. It is shown that the tricritical point exists on the phase boundary between these two phases and may be realized in the core of realistic magnetars. We unveil the intertwining of symmetry and topology behind mass acquisition of surface Majorana fermions in nematic phases.

6 pages, 3 figures

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Cited by in corpus (24)

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• Reexamining Ginzburg-Landau theory for neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluidity in neutron stars
• Spin triplet nematic pairing symmetry and superconducting double transition in U${}_{1-x}$Th${}_x$Be${}_{13}$
• Phase structure of neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in strong magnetic fields in neutron stars
• Collective excitations of a quantized vortex in ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Microscopic description of axisymmetric vortices in ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids
• Non-Abelian Alice strings in two-flavor dense QCD
• Domain walls in neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Critical endpoint and universality class of neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Topological confinement of vortices in two-flavor dense QCD
• Non-Abelian Half-Quantum Vortices in ${}^3{P}_2$ Topological Superfluids
• Non-Abelian Anyons and Non-Abelian Vortices in Topological Superconductors
• Coexistence phase of ${}^1{S}_0$ and ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Topological defects at the boundary of neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Spin-polarized phases of ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars
• Core structures of vortices in Ginzburg-Landau theory for neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids
• Alice meets Boojums in neutron stars: vortices penetrating two-flavor quark-hadron continuity
• Effects of strong magnetic fields on neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluidity with spin-orbit interactions
• Proximity effects of vortices in neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids in neutron stars: Vortex core transitions and covalent bonding of vortex molecules
• Strongly interacting matter in extreme magnetic fields
• Majorana multipole response with magnetic point group symmetry
• Symmetry classification of uniform states in spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates and neutron ${}^3{P}_2$ superfluids
• Emergent chirality and superfluidity of parity-doubled baryons in neutron stars