Optical Backaction-Evading Measurement of a Mechanical Oscillator
arXiv:1809.01007 · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-10024-3
Abstract
Quantum mechanics imposes a limit on the precision of a continuous position measurement of a harmonic oscillator, as a result of quantum backaction arising from quantum fluctuations in the measurement field. A variety of techniques to surpass this standard quantum limit have been proposed, such as variational measurements, stroboscopic quantum non-demolition and two tone backaction-evading (BAE) measurements. The latter proceed by monitoring only one of the two non-commuting quadratures of the motion. This technique, originally proposed in the context of gravitational wave detection, has not been implemented using optical interferometers to date. Here we demonstrate continuous two-tone backaction-evading measurement in the optical domain of a localized GHz frequency mechanical mode of a photonic crystal nanobeam cryogenically and optomechanically cooled in a He buffer gas cryostat close to the ground state. Employing quantum-limited optical heterodyne detection, we explicitly show the transition from conventional to backaction-evading measurement. We observe up to 0.67 dB (14%) reduction of total measurement noise, thereby demonstrating the viability of BAE measurements for optical ultrasensitive measurements of motion and force in nanomechanical resonators.
References in corpus (40)
- Cavity Optomechanics
- Introduction to Quantum Noise, Measurement and Amplification
- A gravitational wave observatory operating beyond the quantum shot-noise limit: Squeezed light in application
- Quantum-coherent coupling of a mechanical oscillator to an optical cavity mode
- Quantum squeezing of motion in a mechanical resonator
- Conversion of conventional gravitational-wave interferometers into QND interferometers by modifying their input and/or output optics
- Resolved Sideband Cooling of a Micromechanical Oscillator
- Remote quantum entanglement between two micromechanical oscillators
- Entangled massive mechanical oscillators
- Nanomechanical motion measured with precision beyond the standard quantum limit
- Non-classical correlations between single photons and phonons from a mechanical oscillator
- Measurement-based quantum control of mechanical motion
- Squeezing of quantum noise of motion in a micromechanical resonator
- Observation of Radiation Pressure Shot Noise on a Macroscopic Object
- Measurement of the quantum zero-point motion of a nanomechanical resonator
- Measurement and control of a mechanical oscillator at its thermal decoherence rate
- Optimized optomechanical crystal cavity with acoustic radiation shield
- Back-action evasion and squeezing of a mechanical resonator using a cavity detector
- Arbitrarily large steady-state bosonic squeezing via dissipation
- Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry of single phonons from an optomechanical resonator
- Back-action Evading Measurements of Nanomechanical Motion
- Quantum limits in interferometric measurements
- Quantum back action evading measurement of motion in a negative mass reference frame
- Two-mode squeezed states in cavity optomechanics via engineering of a single reservoir
- Optically Measuring Force near the Standard Quantum Limit
- Measuring nanomechanical motion with an imprecision far below the standard quantum limit
- Mechanically Detecting and Avoiding the Quantum Fluctuations of a Microwave Field
- Quantum nondemolition measurement of mechanical squeezed state beyond the 3 dB limit
- Quantum back-action evading measurement of collective mechanical modes
- Two-mode back-action-evading measurements in cavity optomechanics
- Measurement of the motional sidebands of a nanogram-scale oscillator in the quantum regime
- Dissipative optomechanical squeezing of light
- Optomechanical Raman-Ratio Thermometry
- Quantum back-action in measurements of zero-point mechanical oscillations
- Complex Squeezing and Force Measurement Beyond the Standard Quantum Limit
- Noiseless quantum measurement and squeezing of microwave fields utilizing mechanical vibrations
- Overwhelming thermomechanical motion with microwave radiation pressure shot noise
- Trajectories without quantum uncertainties
- Heterodyne photodetection measurements on cavity optomechanical systems: Interpretation of sideband asymmetry and limits to a classical explanation
- Optomechanical dual-beam backaction-evading measurement beyond the rotating-wave approximation
Cited by in corpus (47)
- Quantum-mechanics free subsystem with mechanical oscillators
- Quantum-Coherent Nanoscience
- Two-Dimensional Optomechanical Crystal Cavity with High Quantum Cooperativity
- Entanglement-Enhanced Optomechanical Sensing
- Weak-force sensing with squeezed optomechanics
- Laser cooling of a nanomechanical oscillator to the zero-point energy
- Massive quantum systems as interfaces of quantum mechanics and gravity
- Enhanced nonlinear optomechanics in a coupled-mode photonic crystal device
- Stationary optomechanical entanglement between a mechanical oscillator and its measurement apparatus
- Conditional dynamics of optomechanical two-tone backaction-evading measurements
- Optomechanical generation of a mechanical catlike state by phonon subtraction
- Ultra-precision quantum sensing and measurement based on nonlinear hybrid optomechanical systems containing ultracold atoms or atomic Bose-Einstein condensate
- On-chip mechanical exceptional points based on an optomechanical zipper cavity
- State preparation and tomography of a nanomechanical resonator with fast light pulses
- Dynamical Backaction Evading Magnomechanics
- Single-Spin Readout and Quantum Sensing using Optomechanically Induced Transparency
- Two-Tone Optomechanical Instability and Its Fundamental Implications for Backaction-Evading Measurements
- Bidirectional microwave-optical transduction based on integration of high-overtone bulk acoustic resonators and photonic circuits
- Detecting nonclassical correlations in levitated cavity optomechanics
- Cryogenic and hermetically sealed packaging of photonic chips for optomechanics
- An optomechanical heat engine with feedback-controlled in-loop light
- Dissipative Optomechanics in High-Frequency Nanomechanical Resonators
- Floquet dynamics in quantum measurement of mechanical motion
- Unconditional mechanical squeezing via back-action evading measurements and non-optimal feedback control
- Cavity quantum optomechanical nonlinearities and position measurement beyond the breakdown of the linearized approximation
- Quantum backaction evading measurements of a silicon nitride membrane resonator
- Dissipative Quantum Feedback in Measurements Using a Parametrically Coupled Microcavity
- Combining Floquet and Lyapunov techniques for time-dependent problems in optomechanics and electromechanics
- Coherent optical control of a superconducting microwave cavity via electro-optical dynamical back-action
- Estimation of squeezing in a nonlinear quadrature of a mechanical oscillator
- Nonstationary force sensing under dissipative mechanical quantum squeezing
- Experimental QND measurements of complementarity on two-qubit states with IonQ and IBM Q quantum computers
- Back-action evading measurement of the collective mode of a Bose-Einstein condensate
- Quantum-limited optical lever measurement of a torsion oscillator
- Nonclassical photon statistics in two-tone continuously driven optomechanics
- Magnon-microwave backaction noise evasion in cavity magnomechanics
- Enhanced quantum tunneling in quantum Zeno dynamics freezing momentum direction
- Light as quantum back-action nullifying meter
- Universality of stationary entanglement in an optomechanical system driven by non-Markovian noise and squeezed light
- Sensing force gradients with cavity optomechanics while evading backaction
- Deterministic generation of hybrid entangled states using quantum walks
- Atom-Mechanical Hong-Ou-Mandel Interference
- Approximate quantum non-demolition measurements
- Simultaneous photon and phonon lasing in a two-tone driven optomechanical system
- Sensing atomic superfluid rotation beyond the standard quantum limit
- Quantum backaction effects in sequential measurements
- Exploring Nonreciprocal Noise Transfer under Onsager-Casimir Symmetry in Synthetic-Field Optomechanics