Proton decay into charged leptons

Abstract

We discuss proton and neutron decays involving three leptons in the final state. Some of these modes could constitute the dominant decay channel because they conserve lepton-flavor symmetries that are broken in all usually considered channels. This includes the particularly interesting and rarely discussed $p\to e^{+}{e}^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and $p\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{+}{e}^{-}$ modes. As the relevant effective operators arise at dimension 9 or 10, observation of a three-lepton mode would probe energy scales of order 100 TeV. This allows to connect proton decay to other probes such as rare meson decays or collider physics. UV completions of this scenario involving leptoquarks unavoidably violate lepton flavor universality and could provide an explanation to the recent $b\to s\mu \mu$ anomalies observed in $B$ meson decays.

6 pages, to appear in PRL

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Cited by in corpus (42)

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• Inclusive Nucleon Decay Searches as a Frontier of Baryon Number Violation
• Muonic Force Behind Flavor Anomalies
• Proton decay matrix elements on the lattice at physical pion mass
• Complete Lagrangian and Set of Feynman Rules for Scalar Leptoquarks
• Characters and Group Invariant Polynomials of (Super)fields: Road to "Lagrangian"
• New Physics in $b\to s\mu \mu$: FCC-hh or a Muon Collider?
• Proton decay and light sterile neutrinos
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• Baryon Number, Lepton Number, and Operator Dimension in the SMEFT with Flavor Symmetries
• Universal Scalar Leptoquark Action for Matching
• Scalar Leptoquarks, Baryon Number Violation and Pati-Salam Symmetry
• An EFT approach to baryon number violation: lower limits on the new physics scale and correlations between nucleon decay modes
• Anomalies and accidental symmetries: charging the scalar leptoquark under $L_{\mu }$-$L_{\tau }$
• On $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ From Gauged $\mathrm{U}(1{)}_X$
• Effective Operator Bases for Beyond Standard Model Scenarios: An EFT compendium for discoveries
• Improved Lower Bounds on Partial Lifetimes for Nucleon Decay Modes
• Search for proton decay into three charged leptons in 0.37 megaton-years exposure of the Super-Kamiokande
• Proton decay at 1-loop
• Resonant leptoquark at NLO with POWHEG
• EFT Diagrammatica II: Tracing the UV origin of bosonic D6 CPV and D8 SMEFT operators
• Rescattering effects in nucleon-to-meson form factors and application to tau-lepton-induced proton decay
• $\Delta L\ge 4$ processes
• Muon $(g-2)$ and Flavor Puzzles in the $U(1{)}_X^{}$-gauged Leptoquark Model
• $B-L$ violating nucleon decays as a probe of leptoquarks and implications for baryogenesis
• Baryon number violation involving tau leptons
• Limits on $R$-parity Violation in High Scale Supersymmetry
• Decay dynamics of $N\to \ell \pi$ and $N\to \ell \gamma$
• Baryon Number Violation: From Nuclear Matrix Elements to BSM Physics
• Baryon number violating hydrogen decay
• Reconstructing Effective Lagrangians Embedding Residual Family Symmetries
• New chiral structures for baryon number violating nucleon decays
• Uncovering the Root of LEFT in SMEFT
• Lepton flavor violation by three units
• Invisible neutron decay and light BSM particles
• Triple-leptoquark interactions for tree- and loop-level proton decays
• Explaining lepton-flavor non-universality and self-interacting dark matter with $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$
• Leptoquarks with Exactly Stable Protons
• Lepton flavor violation with tau leptons