New chiral structures for baryon number violating nucleon decays
arXiv:2504.14855 · doi:10.1103/d8m7-5xxx
Abstract
We examine the most general nucleon decay interactions that involve three light quarks without being acted upon by a derivative. We identify four generic operator structures that correspond to the irreducible representations in the chiral group of QCD, \{, , , \}, plus their chirality partners under the interchange of chiralities . While half of them have been extensively discussed in the literature, the other half, and , are identified for the first time. We perform chiral matching for these interactions at the leading chiral order and find that each has a unique chiral realization in terms of the octet baryons and pseudoscalars. Notably, the chiral interaction in the representation appears at the same chiral order as those of the known ones, while the one in the representation appears at a higher chiral order. These new structures are prevalent in effective field theories and ultraviolet models, and they offer novel experimental avenues to search for baryon number violating nucleon decays.
v2: 7 pages + supplemental material, matched the published version in PRL
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