Design and Construction of the DEAP-3600 Dark Matter Detector

Abstract

The Dark matter Experiment using Argon Pulse-shape discrimination (DEAP) has been designed for a direct detection search for particle dark matter using a single-phase liquid argon target. The projected cross section sensitivity for DEAP-3600 to the spin-independent scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) on nucleons is $10^{-46}{\mathrm{cm}}^2$ for a 100 GeV/$c^2$ WIMP mass with a fiducial exposure of 3 tonne-years. This paper describes the physical properties and construction of the DEAP-3600 detector.

arXiv commentminor corrections in version 2. 70 pages, 24 figures, to be submitted to Astroparticle Physics Journal

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• PandaX-xT: a Multi-ten-tonne Liquid Xenon Observatory at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory
• Annual Modulation in Direct Dark Matter Searches
• First direct detection constraints on Planck-scale mass dark matter with multiple-scatter signatures using the DEAP-3600 detector
• Model-independent determination of the Migdal effect via photoabsorption
• Constraints on dark matter-nucleon effective couplings in the presence of kinematically distinct halo substructures using the DEAP-3600 detector
• Paleo-detectors: Searching for Dark Matter with Ancient Minerals
• Searching for Dark Matter with Paleo-Detectors
• Wavelength shifters for applications in liquid argon detectors
• Electromagnetic Backgrounds and Potassium-42 Activity in the DEAP-3600 Dark Matter Detector
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• Pulseshape discrimination against low-energy Ar-39 beta decays in liquid argon with 4.5 tonne-years of DEAP-3600 data
• The liquid-argon scintillation pulseshape in DEAP-3600
• Sensitivity projections for a dual-phase argon TPC optimized for light dark matter searches through the ionization channel
• Polyethylene naphthalate film as a wavelength shifter in liquid argon detectors
• Photoluminescence response of acrylic (PMMA) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to ultraviolet light
• Wavelength-Shifting Performance of Polyethylene Naphthalate Films in a Liquid Argon Environment
• R&D of Wavelength-Shifting Reflectors and Characterization of the Quantum Efficiency of Tetraphenyl Butadiene and Polyethylene Naphthalate in Liquid Argon
• Precision Measurement of the Specific Activity of ${}^{39}$Ar in Atmospheric Argon with the DEAP-3600 Detector
• A method for sharing dynamic geometry information in studies on liquid-based detectors
• Dark Matter Detection Capabilities of a Large Multipurpose Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber
• The science and technology of liquid argon detectors
• Neutrino Backgrounds in Future Liquid Noble Element Dark Matter Direct Detection Experiments
• Predicting Transport Effects of Scintillation Light Signals in Large-Scale Liquid Argon Detectors
• Recent results from DEAP-3600
• Development of a novel, windowless, amorphous selenium based photodetector for use in liquid noble detectors
• A practical approach of high precision U and Th concentration measurement in acrylic
• New Projections for Dark Matter Searches with Paleo-Detectors
• Precision measurements of the scintillation pulse shape for low-energy recoils in liquid xenon
• Temperature-dependent fluorescence emission spectra of acrylic (PMMA) and tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) excited with UV light
• Development of very-thick transparent GEMs with wavelength-shifting capability for noble element TPCs
• Scintillation and optical properties of xenon-doped liquid argon
• Ambient Dose and Dose Rate Measurement in SNOLAB Underground Laboratory at Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
• Galactic Geology: Probing Time-Varying Dark Matter Signals with Paleo-Detectors
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• Development and characterization of a slow wavelength shifting coating for background rejection in liquid argon detectors
• Technique for Surface Background Rejection in Liquid Argon Dark Matter Detectors using Layered Wavelength-Shifting and Scintillating Thin Films
• FAT-GEMs: (Field Assisted) Transparent Gaseous-Electroluminescence Multipliers
• Direct Measurement of the ${}^{39}$Ar Half-life from 3.4 Years of Data with the DEAP-3600 Detector
• ${}^{210}$Pb measurements at the André E. Lalonde AMS Laboratory for the radioassay of materials used in rare event search detectors
• Estimating the efficiency turn-on curve for a constant-threshold trigger without a calibration dataset
• Surface background rejection technique for liquid argon dark matter detectors using a thin scintillating layer
• The Fast Stochastic Matching Pursuit for Neutrino and Dark Matter Experiments
• Measurement of high-pressure xenon gas absorption in acrylic
• Position reconstruction using photon timing for the DEAP-3600 dark matter experiment
• A new hybrid gadolinium nanoparticles-loaded polymeric material for neutron detection in rare event searches
• Relative Measurement and Extrapolation of the Scintillation Quenching Factor of $\alpha$-Particles in Liquid Argon using DEAP-3600 Data
• Boosted decision trees approach to neck alpha events discrimination in DEAP-3600 experiment
• Design and operation of a flash lamp for vacuum ultraviolet light production
• Cylindrical Films for Electronics in Low Background Physics Searches
• The $\kappa$-model under test of the SPARC database
• Demonstration of the light collection stability of a PEN-based wavelength shifting reflector in a tonne scale liquid argon detector
• Study of the energy calibration of the DEAP-3600 detector using ${}^{22}\mathrm{Na}$ source data and simulations
• Dosimetry and calorimetry performance of a scientific CMOS camera for environmental monitoring
• State of the Art in Direct Dark Matter Detectors: Technologies, Performance, and Future Directions
• Status of the DEAP-3600 experiment