Migdal Effect in Dark Matter Direct Detection Experiments

Abstract

The elastic scattering of an atomic nucleus plays a central role in dark matter direct detection experiments. In those experiments, it is usually assumed that the atomic electrons around the nucleus of the target material immediately follow the motion of the recoil nucleus. In reality, however, it takes some time for the electrons to catch up, which results in ionization and excitation of the atoms. In previous studies, those effects are taken into account by using the so-called Migdal's approach, in which the final state ionization/excitation are treated separately from the nuclear recoil. In this paper, we reformulate the Migdal's approach so that the "atomic recoil" cross section is obtained coherently, where we make transparent the energy-momentum conservation and the probability conservation. We show that the final state ionization/excitation can enhance the detectability of rather light dark matter in the GeV mass range via the {\it nuclear} scattering. We also discuss the coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering, where the same effects are expected.

calculation error in coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering fixed

References in corpus (16)

• Results from a search for dark matter in the complete LUX exposure
• Dark Matter Candidates from Particle Physics and Methods of Detection
• First Dark Matter Search Results from the XENON1T Experiment
• Dark Matter Results from First 98.7-day Data of PandaX-II Experiment
• New Constraints and Prospects for sub-GeV Dark Matter Scattering off Electrons in Xenon
• Semiconductor Probes of Light Dark Matter
• The Astrophysical Uncertainties Of Dark Matter Direct Detection Experiments
• On electromagnetic contributions in WIMP quests
• Probing sub-GeV Dark Matter with conventional detectors
• Sub-GeV Dark Matter Detection with Electron Recoils in Carbon Nanotubes
• Monte Carlo calculation of ion, electron, and photon spectra of xenon atoms in x-ray free-electron laser pulses
• Nuclear recoil energy scale in liquid xenon with application to the direct detection of dark matter
• Low-energy (0.7-74 keV) nuclear recoil calibration of the LUX dark matter experiment using D-D neutron scattering kinematics
• Atomic limits in the search for galactic dark matter
• New constraints and discovery potential of sub-GeV dark matter with xenon detectors
• Lowering the low-energy threshold of xenon detectors

Cited by in corpus (167)

• Direct Detection of WIMP Dark Matter: Concepts and Status
• SENSEI: Direct-Detection Results on sub-GeV Dark Matter from a New Skipper-CCD
• Novel direct detection constraints on light dark matter
• Feebly-Interacting Particles:FIPs 2020 Workshop Report
• Search for Light Dark Matter Interactions Enhanced by the Migdal effect or Bremsstrahlung in XENON1T
• Searching for low-mass dark matter particles with a massive Ge bolometer operated above-ground
• Direct Detection of Strongly Interacting Sub-GeV Dark Matter via Electron Recoils
• A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics
• Results of a Search for Sub-GeV Dark Matter Using 2013 LUX Data
• Directly detecting sub-GeV dark matter with electrons from nuclear scattering
• On the relation between Migdal effect and dark matter-electron scattering in isolated atoms and semiconductors
• Constraints on Spin-Independent Nucleus Scattering with sub-GeV Weakly Interacting Massive Particle Dark Matter from the CDEX-1B Experiment at the China Jin-Ping Laboratory
• Strong New Limits on Light Dark Matter from Neutrino Experiments
• Multi-Channel Direct Detection of Light Dark Matter: Target Comparison
• How blind are underground and surface detectors to strongly interacting Dark Matter?
• Electron Ionization via Dark Matter-Electron Scattering and the Migdal Effect
• Bounds on Cosmic Ray-Boosted Dark Matter in Simplified Models and its Corresponding Neutrino-Floor
• The Migdal effect in semiconductors
• The Migdal Effect and Photon Bremsstrahlung in effective field theories of dark matter direct detection and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering
• DarkELF: A python package for dark matter scattering in dielectric targets
• SENSEI: First Direct-Detection Results on sub-GeV Dark Matter from SENSEI at SNOLAB
• Dark matter-electron scattering in dielectrics
• Direct detection and complementary constraints for sub-GeV dark matter
• Searches for light dark matter using condensed matter systems
• FORESEE: FORward Experiment SEnsitivity Estimator for the LHC and future hadron colliders
• Integral X-ray constraints on sub-GeV Dark Matter
• Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering at the European Spallation Source
• Light Dark Matter from Inelastic Cosmic Ray Collisions
• Probing Light Dark Matter with a Hadrophilic Scalar Mediator
• A Search for the Cosmic Ray Boosted Sub-GeV Dark Matter at the PandaX-II Experiment
• Ionization Yield in Silicon for eV-Scale Electron-Recoil Processes
• Atmospheric Dark Matter and Xenon1T Excess
• Explaining the XENON1T excess with Luminous Dark Matter
• Germanium response to sub-keV nuclear recoils: a multipronged experimental characterization
• Sources of Low-Energy Events in Low-Threshold Dark Matter and Neutrino Detectors
• Production and attenuation of cosmic-ray boosted dark matter
• Directional recoil detection
• Cosmic-ray upscattered inelastic dark matter
• A Dark Matter Interpretation of Excesses in Multiple Direct Detection Experiments
• Annual Modulation in Direct Dark Matter Searches
• A search for new physics in low-energy electron recoils from the first LZ exposure
• Elastic and Inelastic Scattering of Cosmic-Rays on Sub-GeV Dark Matter
• Diurnal Effect of Sub-GeV Dark Matter Boosted by Cosmic Rays
• Direct Detection of Bound States of Asymmetric Dark Matter
• Migdal effect and photon Bremsstrahlung: improving the sensitivity to light dark matter of liquid argon experiments
• Direct Detection of Spin-(In)dependent Nuclear Scattering of Sub-GeV Dark Matter Using Molecular Excitations
• Cosmic Ray Boosted Sub-GeV Gravitationally Interacting Dark Matter in Direct Detection
• Accelerating Composite Dark Matter Discovery with Nuclear Recoils and the Migdal Effect
• Solar reflection of light dark matter with heavy mediators
• Limits on Sub-GeV Dark Matter from the PROSPECT Reactor Antineutrino Experiment
• Low-mass inelastic dark matter direct detection via the Migdal effect
• Model-independent determination of the Migdal effect via photoabsorption
• Prospects of Migdal Effect in the Explanation of XENON1T Electron Recoil Excess
• Present and future status of light dark matter models from cosmic-ray electron upscattering
• Search for Dark-Matter-Nucleon Interactions with a Dark Mediator in PandaX-4T
• Search for Cosmic-ray Boosted Sub-GeV Dark Matter using Recoil Protons at Super-Kamiokande
• Constraining light dark matter upscattered by ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays
• The CYGNO Experiment
• Studies of the Earth shielding effect to direct dark matter searches at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory
• Describing the Migdal effect with a bremsstrahlung-like process and many-body effects
• No room to hide: implications of cosmic-ray upscattering for GeV-scale dark matter
• Nuclear Fusion Inside Dark Matter
• Precise predictions and new insights for atomic ionisation from the Migdal effect
• Probing Cosmic-Ray Accelerated Light Dark Matter with IceCube
• Direct Detection of Dark Matter -- APPEC Committee Report
• A Search for Low-mass Dark Matter via Bremsstrahlung Radiation and the Migdal Effect in SuperCDMS
• The MIGDAL experiment: Measuring a rare atomic process to aid the search for dark matter
• Cosmic-ray dark matter confronted by constraints on new light mediators
• Plasmon production from dark matter scattering
• Dark matter direct detection from the single phonon to the nuclear recoil regime
• Search for sub-GeV dark matter by annual modulation using XMASS-I detector
• Sensitivity projections for a dual-phase argon TPC optimized for light dark matter searches through the ionization channel
• The Migdal Effect in Semiconductors for Dark Matter with Masses below $\sim$100 MeV
• Resonant or asymmetric: The status of sub-GeV dark matter
• Extending light WIMP searches to single scintillation photons in LUX
• The ups and downs of inelastic dark matter: Electron recoils from terrestrial upscattering
• Review on dark matter searches
• Probing Benchmark Models of Hidden-Sector Dark Matter with DAMIC-M
• The Molecular Migdal Effect
• Resonant Sub-GeV Dirac Dark Matter
• Improving sensitivity to low-mass dark matter in LUX using a novel electrode background mitigation technique
• Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with directional detectors
• A two-component vector WIMP -- fermion FIMP dark matter model with an extended seesaw mechanism
• Describing Migdal effects in diamond crystal with atom-centered localized Wannier functions
• Azimuthal asymmetry in cosmic-ray boosted dark matter flux
• Dark Matter Induced Power in Quantum Devices
• Revisiting the Fermionic Dark Matter Absorption on Electron Target
• A neutrino floor for the Migdal effect
• The physics potential of a reactor neutrino experiment with Skipper-CCDs: Searching for new physics with light mediators
• Accelerating Earth-Bound Dark Matter
• Constraints on Dark Matter-Electron Scattering from Molecular Cloud Ionization
• Coherent neutrino scattering and the Migdal effect on the quenching factor
• Spin-dependent sub-GeV Inelastic Dark Matter-electron scattering and Migdal effect: (I). Velocity Independent Operator
• Measuring the Migdal effect in semiconductors for dark matter detection
• Phonon-mediated Migdal effect in semiconductor detectors
• A Global Analysis of Resonance-enhanced Light Scalar Dark Matter
• Atomic Form Factors and Inverse Primakoff Scattering of Axion
• Indirect searches for dark matter bound state formation and level transitions
• Response of undoped cryogenic CsI to low-energy nuclear recoils
• Dark Matter from Monogem
• Dark matter substructures affect dark matter-electron scattering in xenon-based direct detection experiments
• An Improved Bound on Accelerated Light Dark Matter
• LBECA: A Low Background Electron Counting Apparatus for Sub-GeV Dark Matter Detection
• Improving ANAIS-112 sensitivity to DAMA/LIBRA signal with machine learning techniques
• Dark Matter Direct Detection with Quantum Dots
• Fuelling the search for light dark matter-electron scattering with spherical proportional counters
• On the impact of the Migdal effect in reactor CE$\nu$NS experiments
• Results of direct dark matter detection with CDEX experiment at CJPL
• Detection of Inelastic Dark Matter via Electron Recoils in SENSEI
• Dark magnetic dipole property in fermionic absorption by nucleus and electrons
• Revisiting general dark matter-bound-electron interactions
• A proposed PKU-Muon experiment for muon tomography and dark matter search
• Nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) Scintillation Detector for Dark Matter Search Experiments
• First observation of isolated nuclear recoils following neutron capture for dark matter calibration
• Upgrading the COSINE-100 Experiment for Enhanced Sensitivity to Low-Mass Dark Matter Detection
• Terrestrial Probes of Electromagnetically Interacting Dark Radiation
• GeV Scale Inelastic Dark Matter with Dark Photon Mediator via Direct Detection and Cosmological/Laboratory Constraints
• Impact of uncertainties in the halo velocity profile on direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter
• Direct dark matter searches with the full data set of XMASS-I
• Low-mass extension of direct detection bounds on WIMP-quark and WIMP-gluon effective interactions using the Migdal effect
• Signatures and Detection Prospects for sub-GeV Dark Matter with Superfluid Helium
• Exploring light dark matter with the Migdal effect in hydrogen-doped liquid xenon
• Explorations of pseudo-Dirac dark matter having keV splittings and interacting via transition electric and magnetic dipole moments
• A low-threshold diamond cryogenic detector for sub-GeV Dark Matter searches
• Probing Dark Matter Electromagnetic Properties in Direct Detection Experiments
• LHC Lifetime Frontier and Visible Decay Searches in Composite Asymmetric Dark Matter Models
• The Design, Implementation, and Performance of the LZ Calibration Systems
• Lowering threshold of NaI(Tl) scintillator to 0.7 keV in the COSINE-100 experiment
• Migdal-type effect in the dark matter absorption process
• The SABRE South Technical Design Report Executive Summary
• Effect on Dark Matter Exclusion Limits from New Silicon Photoelectric Absorption Measurements
• The Non-Relativistic Effective Field Theory Of Dark Matter-Electron Interactions
• Dark Matter as a Solution to Muonic Puzzles
• Prospects of detecting cosmic ray up-scattered dark matter with DUNE
• Light dark-matter window constrained by \boldmath$K^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}$$+$$/E$
• Compton Scattering Energy Spectrum for Si and Ge Systems
• 3D track reconstruction of low-energy electrons in the MIGDAL low pressure optical time projection chamber
• Detection and Calibration of Low-Energy Nuclear Recoils for Dark Matter and Neutrino Scattering Experiments
• Progress in End-to-End Optimization of Detectors for Fundamental Physics with Differentiable Programming
• Scintillation characteristics of an undoped CsI crystal at low-temperature for dark matter search
• Low-mass constraints on WIMP effective models of inelastic scattering using the Migdal effect
• Probing Light Inelastic Dark Matter from Direct Detection
• The role of small scale experiments in the direct detection of dark matter
• Complementarity of direct detection experiments in search of light Dark Matter
• Searching for low-mass dark matter via Migdal effect in COSINE-100
• Can sub-GeV dark matter coherently scatter on the electrons in the Atom?
• Measuring the molecular Migdal effect with neutron scattering on diatomic gases
• Transforming a rare event search into a not-so-rare event search in real-time with deep learning-based object detection
• Information divergences to parametrize astrophysical uncertainties in dark matter direct detection
• Search for Solar Boosted Dark Matter Particles at the PandaX-4T Experiment
• Electron-ion recombination in composite interactions in liquid xenon
• Nuclear and electron scattering by neutrinos and dark matter in condensed systems
• A backing detector for order-keV neutrons
• Solar wind bremsstrahlung off DM in our solar system
• The Forward Physics Facility at the High-Luminosity LHC
• Asymmetric Mediator in Scotogenic Model
• The Migdal effect in solid crystals and the role of non-adiabaticity
• Revisiting the Dark Matter Interpretation of Excess Rates in Semiconductors
• Observing the Migdal effect from nuclear recoils of neutral particles with liquid xenon and argon detectors
• Fenomenología de modelos supersimétricos: partículas y materia oscura
• Experimental Search for Dark Matter in China
• Constraining light dark matter in vector-scalar portals with COSI and AMEGO-X
• On the Impact of Dark Matter Scattering on the Trajectory of High-Energy Cosmic Rays
• First direct search for light dark matter interactions in a transition-edge sensor
• Comparison of the Migdal transition probabilities in electron-atom inelastic cross sections
• Direct Detection and Cosmological Constraints of Dark Matter with Dark Dipoles
• Dark Matter Detection With Bound Nuclear Targets: The Poisson Phonon Tail