The sustainable growth of the first black holes

Abstract

Super-Eddington accretion has been suggested as a possible formation pathway of $10^9{M}_{\odot }$ supermassive black holes (SMBHs) 800 Myr after the Big Bang. However, stellar feedback from BH seed progenitors and winds from BH accretion disks may decrease BH accretion rates. In this work, we study the impact of these physical processes on the formation of $z\sim 6$ quasar, including new physical prescriptions in the cosmological, data-constrained semi-analytic model GAMETE/QSOdust. We find that the feedback produced by the first stellar progenitors on the surrounding does not play a relevant role in preventing SMBHs formation. In order to grow the $z\gtrsim 6$ SMBHs, the accreted gas must efficiently lose angular momentum. Moreover disk winds, easily originated in super-Eddington accretion regime, can strongly reduce duty cycles. This produces a decrease in the active fraction among the progenitors of $z\sim 6$ bright quasars, reducing the probability to observe them.

References in corpus (61)

• How Massive Single Stars End their Life
• The Formation of the First Star in the Universe
• The Formation of the First Stars. I. The Primordial Star Forming Cloud
• On the properties of massive Population III stars and metal-free stellar populations
• Formation of Supermassive Black Holes by Direct Collapse in Pregalactic Halos
• Formation of the First Supermassive Black Holes
• Formation of Supermassive Black Holes
• Super-critically accreting stellar-mass black holes as ultraluminous X-ray sources
• Large Merger Recoils and Spin Flips From Generic Black-Hole Binaries
• Supermassive black hole formation during the assembly of pre-galactic discs
• Early Star Formation and the Evolution of the Stellar Initial Mass Function in Galaxies
• Super-critical Accretion Flows around Black Holes: Two-dimensional, Radiation-pressure-dominated Disks with Photon-trapping
• A Survey of z>5.7 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III: Discovery of Five Additional Quasars
• Rapid growth of high redshift black holes
• The Formation of Population III Binaries from Cosmological Initial Conditions
• Numerical simulations of super-critical black hole accretion flows in general relativity
• Radiation Hydrodynamical Evolution of Primordial H II Regions
• Accretion onto the First Stellar Mass Black Holes
• The Assembly of Supermassive Black Holes at High Redshifts
• Super-Critical Growth of Massive Black Holes from Stellar-Mass Seeds
• Can Supermassive Black Holes Form in Metal-Enriched High-Redshift Protogalaxies ?
• Hyper-Eddington accretion flows onto massive black holes
• The H II Region of the First Star
• Spin, Accretion and the Cosmological Growth of Supermassive Black Holes
• Growth and activity of black holes in galaxy mergers with varying mass ratios
• Quasars at z=6: the survival of the fittest
• The case for super-critical accretion onto massive black holes at high redshift
• Rapid growth of seed black holes in the early universe by supra-exponential accretion
• The aftermath of the first stars: massive black holes
• Modeling kicks from the merger of generic black-hole binaries
• Accretion onto Seed Black Holes in the First Galaxies
• Initial mass function of intermediate mass black hole seeds
• Feedback-regulated Super Massive Black Hole Seed Formation
• Slim disks around Kerr black holes revisited
• On the number density of "direct collapse" black hole seeds
• Constraints from Gravitational Recoil on the Growth of Supermassive Black Holes at High Redshift
• Radiatively Inefficient Accretion: Breezes, Winds and Hyperaccretion
• From the first stars to the first black holes
• Super-Eddington growth of the first black holes
• How rapidly do supermassive black hole "seeds" grow at early times?
• Growing massive black holes through super-critical accretion of stellar-mass seeds
• Does the Slim-Disk Model Correctly Consider Photon-Trapping Effects?
• Supermassive Seeds for Supermassive Black Holes
• Decoding the stellar fossils of the dusty Milky Way progenitors
• The X-ray luminosity function of Active Galactic Nuclei in the redshift interval z=3-5
• Cosmological Simulations of Early Blackhole Formation: Halo Mergers, Tidal Disruption, and the Conditions for Direct Collapse
• High-redshift quasars host galaxies: is there a stellar mass crisis?
• The deepest X-ray view of high-redshift galaxies: constraints on low-rate black-hole accretion
• Exact and approximate expressions of energy generation rates and their impact on the explosion properties of Pair Instability Supernovae
• The systematic search for $z\gtrsim 5$ active galactic nuclei in the $Chandra$ Deep Field South
• Why Is Supercritical Disk Accretion Feasible?
• New observational Constraints on the Growth of the First Supermassive Black Holes
• The Early Growth of the First Black Holes
• Hyper-Eddington mass accretion onto a black hole with super-Eddington luminosity
• Hyperaccreting black holes in galactic nuclei
• Photon Trapping Enables Super-Eddington Growth of Black-Hole Seeds in Galaxies at High Redshift
• Chandra counterparts of CANDELS GOODS-S sources
• Intermediate-mass black holes from Population III remnants in the first galactic nuclei
• Faint progenitors of luminous $z\sim 6$ quasars: why don't we see them?
• How AGN and SNe feedback affect mass transport and black hole growth in high redshift galaxies
• Modified Slim-Disk Model Based on Radiation-Hydrodynamic Simulation Data: The Conflict Between Outflow and Photon Trapping

Cited by in corpus (31)

• Primordial Black Holes as Generators of Cosmic Structures
• Intermediate-mass black holes in dwarf galaxies out to redshift $\sim$ 2.4 in the Chandra COSMOS Legacy Survey
• Titans of the Early Universe: The Prato Statement on the Origin of the First Supermassive Black Holes
• Super-Eddington Accretion and Feedback from the First Massive Seed Black Holes
• The Growth of Black Holes from Population III Remnants in the Renaissance Simulations
• The low-end of the black hole mass function at cosmic dawn
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• The route to massive black hole formation via merger-driven direct collapse: a review
• Light, medium-weight or heavy? The nature of the first supermassive black hole seeds
• Impact of the cosmic background radiation on the initial mass function of metal-poor stars
• How the super-Eddington regime regulates black hole growth in high-redshift galaxies
• Exploring SMBH Assembly with Semi-analytic Modelling
• The dense molecular gas in the $\mathrm{z}\sim 6$ QSO SDSS J231038.88+185519.7 resolved by ALMA
• Massive and supermassive black holes in the contemporary and early universe and the new problems of cosmology and astrophysics
• Multi-flavour SMBH seeding and evolution in cosmological environments
• Unveiling early black hole growth with multi-frequency gravitational wave observations
• BlueTides simulation: establishing black hole-galaxy relations at high-redshift
• The Near and Mid-infrared photometric properties of known redshift $z\ge 5$ Quasars
• The New Numerical Galaxy Catalogue (ν^2 GC): Properties of Active Galactic Nuclei and Their Host Galaxies
• Probing the $z\gtrsim 6$ quasars in a universe with IllustrisTNG physics: Impact of gas-based black hole seeding models
• Super-critical accretion of medium-weight seed black holes in gaseous proto-galactic nuclei
• Super-Eddington growth of black holes in the early Universe: effects of disk radiation spectra
• The seeds of supermassive black holes and the role of local radiation and metal spreading
• Enhanced star formation in $z\sim 6$ quasar companions
• Cosmological 21cm line observations to test scenarios of super-Eddington accretion on to black holes being seeds of high-redshifted supermassive black holes
• Is GN-z11 powered by a super-Eddington massive black hole?
• Multi-wavelength properties of three new radio-powerful $z\sim 5.6$ quasi-stellar objects discovered from RACS
• Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• The Dawn of Black Holes
• Growth and Feedback from the First Black Holes
• A Simple Condition for Sustained Super-Eddington Black Hole Growth