Rydberg-atom based radio-frequency electrometry using frequency modulation spectroscopy in room temperature vapor cells

Abstract

Rydberg atom-based electrometry enables traceable electric field measurements with high sensitivity over a large frequency range, from gigahertz to terahertz. Such measurements are particularly useful for the calibration of radio frequency and terahertz devices, as well as other applications like near field imaging of electric fields. We utilize frequency modulated spectroscopy with active control of residual amplitude modulation to improve the signal to noise ratio of the optical readout of Rydberg atom-based radio frequency electrometry. Matched filtering of the signal is also implemented. Although we have reached similarly, high sensitivity with other read-out methods, frequency modulated spectroscopy is advantageous because it is well-suited for building a compact, portable sensor. In the current experiment, $\sim 3\mu Vc{m}^{-1}H{z}^{-1/2}$ sensitivity is achieved and is found to be photon shot noise limited.

arXiv comment18 Pages, 6 Figures

References in corpus (25)

• Atom Interferometers
• Sensing electric fields using single diamond spins
• Precision Measurement of the Newtonian Gravitational Constant Using Cold Atoms
• Coherent optical detection of highly excited Rydberg states using electromagnetically induced transparency
• Broadband Rydberg Atom-Based Electric-Field Probe: From Self-Calibrated Measurements to Sub-Wavelength Imaging
• 30 years of squeezed light generation
• Atom Based Vector Microwave Electrometry Using Rubidium Rydberg Atoms in a Vapor Cell
• Polarized alkali vapor with minute-long transverse spin-relaxation time
• Sub-Wavelength Imaging and Field Mapping via EIT and Autler-Townes Splitting In Rydberg Atoms
• Millimeter Wave Detection via Autler-Townes Splitting in Rubidium Rydberg Atoms
• Coherent Excitation of Rydberg Atoms in Thermal Vapor Microcells
• Giant electro-optic effect using polarizable dark states
• Strongly correlated growth of Rydberg aggregates in a vapor cell
• Sub-wavelength microwave electric field imaging using Rydberg atoms inside atomic vapor cells
• All-optical quantum information processing using Rydberg gates
• Electromagnetically-induced transparency in a diamond spin ensemble enables all-optical electromagnetic field sensing
• Measuring Electric Fields From Surface Contaminants with Neutral Atoms
• Imaging of microwave fields using ultracold atoms
• Shot noise reduced terahertz detection via spectrally post-filtered electro-optic sampling
• Simple microwave field imaging technique using hot atomic vapor cells
• GHz Rabi flopping to Rydberg states in hot atomic vapor cells
• Simple method of light-shift suppression in optical pumping systems
• Electric field cancellation on quartz: a Rb adsorbate induced negative electron affinity surface
• Residual Amplitude Modulation in Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detectors
• Adsorbate dynamics on a silica-coated gold surface measured by Rydberg Stark spectroscopy

Cited by in corpus (31)

• Quantum superhet based on microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms
• Rydberg atom quantum technologies
• Digital Communication with Rydberg Atoms & Amplitude-Modulated Microwave Fields
• Assessment of Rydberg Atoms for Wideband Electric Field Sensing
• Quantum-Limited Atomic Receiver in the Electrically Small Regime
• A practical guide to electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic vapor
• Microwave electrometry via electromagnetically induced absorption in cold Rydberg atoms
• Deep learning enhanced Rydberg multifrequency microwave recognition
• Highly sensitive measurement of a megahertz rf electric field with a Rydberg-atom sensor
• Quantum sensing of microwave electric fields based on Rydberg atoms
• A hybrid polarization-selective atomic sensor for radio-frequency field detection with a passive resonant-cavity field amplifier
• Atom-based quantum receiver for amplitude- and frequency-modulated baseband signals in high-frequency radio communication
• Optimal State Choice for Rydberg Atom Microwave Sensors
• DC Electric Fields in Electrode-Free Glass Vapor Cell by Photoillumination
• Very-high- and ultrahigh- frequency electric field detection using high angular momentum Rydberg states
• High-Sensitive Microwave Electrometry with Enhanced Instantaneous Bandwidth
• Sensitivity of Rydberg-atom receiver to frequency and amplitude modulation of microwaves
• Single-Photon Rydberg Excitation and Trap-Loss Spectroscopy of Cold Cesium Atoms in a Magneto-Optical Trap by Using of a 319-nm Ultra-Violet Laser System
• Quantitative optical spectroscopy of ${}^{87}$Rb vapour in the Voigt geometry in DC magnetic fields up to 0.4T
• A millimeter-wave atomic receiver
• Autler-Townes doublet in single-photon Rydberg spectra of Cesium atomic vapor with a 319 nm UV laser
• Determining angle of arrival of radio frequency fields using subwavelength, amplitude-only measurements of standing waves in a Rydberg atom sensor
• High angular momentum coupling for enhanced Rydberg-atom sensing in the VHF band
• Rydberg level shift due to the electric field generated by Rydberg atom collision induced ionization in cesium atomic ensemble
• Coherent interaction-free detection of noise
• Spectrally entangled biphoton state of cascade emissions from a Doppler-broadened atomic ensemble
• Modulation transfer protocol for Rydberg RF receivers
• Velocity-selective spectroscopy measurements of Rydberg fine structure states in a hot vapor cell
• Asymmetry analysis of Autler-Townes doublet in the trap-loss fluorescence spectroscopy of cesium MOT with single step Rydberg excitation
• Rydberg atoms for electric field gradiometry
• Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption of strontium triplet states in a weak microwave field