Hot Molecular Gas in the Circumnuclear Disk

Abstract

We present an analysis of archival ISO observations of pure-rotational lines of H2 in three pointings in the central 3 parsecs of the Galaxy: toward the Southwest region and Northeast region of the Galactic center Circumnuclear Disk, and toward the supermassive black hole Sgr A*. We detect pure rotational lines from 0-0 S(0) to S(13), as well as a number of rovibrationally excited transitions. From the pure rotational lines, we are able to describe the molecular gas with three discrete temperature components: a `hot' component between 500-600 K, a `hotter' component at 1250-1350 K, and a `hottest' component at > 2600 K. Toward Sgr A*, likely due to a combination of poorer baselines and weaker emission, we only detect a single hot component, at 1100 K. The observed excitation is consistent with heating via C-shocks. We also fit a continuous temperature distribution to the the S(1) through S(7) lines by assuming a power-law distribution of temperatures. We measure power law indices of n = 3.22 for the Northeast region and n = 2.83 for the Southwest region, with a smaller index indicating a higher fraction of warm gas. These indices are lower than those measured for other galaxies or other Galactic center clouds, which are measured to have n= 4-6. If we extrapolate this temperature distribution down to a cutoff temperature of 50 K, then the total molecular gas mass that we would measure for the Southwest (Northeast) region is 32 (140) % of the total molecular gas mass inferred from the dust emission, and 26 (125) % of the total molecular gas mass inferred from the CO emission for these regions. Ultimately, we find that the disagreement in the amount of mass recovered for these two regions means that this method cannot yet be verified to yield a reliable and independent estimate of the mass in the local region of the Circumnuclear Disk.

31 pages, 11 figures, ApJ Accepted

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• High-speed molecular cloudlets around the Galactic Center supermassive black hole
• Effects of turbulence in the Circumnuclear Disk
• A first search of transients in the Galactic Center from 230 GHz ALMA observations
• Sagittarius B1 -- A Patchwork of H II Regions and PhotoDissociation Regions
• Living on the edge of the Central Molecular Zone: G1.3 is the more likely candidate for gas accretion into the CMZ
• Iron K-alpha echoes from the circumnuclear disk orbiting Sgr A*
• Mass flows in the Galactic Center by supernovae of the circumnuclear disk
• The Discovery of an Active Wind from the Milky Way's Black Hole