Time-resolved photoemission apparatus achieving sub-20-meV energy resolution and high stability

Abstract

The paper describes a time- and angle-resolved photoemission apparatus consisting of a hemispherical analyzer and a pulsed laser source. We demonstrate 1.48-eV pump and 5.90-eV probe measurements at the >10.5-meV and >240-fs resolutions by use of fairly monochromatic 170-fs pulses delivered from a regeneratively amplified Ti:sapphire laser system operating typically at 250 kHz. The apparatus is capable to resolve the optically filled superconducting peak in the unoccupied states of a cuprate superconductor, Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d. A dataset recorded on Bi(111) surface is also presented. Technical descriptions include the followings: A simple procedure to fine-tune the spatio-temporal overlap of the pump-and-probe beams and their diameters; achieving a long-term stability of the system that enables a normalization-free dataset acquisition; changing the repetition rate by utilizing acoustic optical modulator and frequency-division circuit.

References in corpus (7)

• Strong spin-orbit splitting on Bi surfaces
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• Energy gaps in high-transition temperature cuprate superconductors
• Tracking Cooper Pairs in a Cuprate Superconductor by Ultrafast Angle-Resolved Photoemission
• The Origin and Non-quasiparticle Nature of Fermi Arcs in Bi${}_2$Sr${}_2$CaCu${}_2$O${}_{8+\delta }$
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