Topologically entangled Rashba-split Shockley states on the surface of grey arsenic

Abstract

We discover a pair of spin-polarized surface bands on the (111) face of grey arsenic by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). In the occupied side, the pair resembles typical nearly-free-electron Shockley states observed on noble-metal surfaces. However, pump-probe ARPES reveals that the spin-polarized pair traverses the bulk band gap and that the crossing of the pair at $\bar{\Gamma }$ is topologically unavoidable. First-principles calculations well reproduce the bands and their non-trivial topology; the calculations also support that the surface states are of Shockley type because they arise from a band inversion caused by crystal field. The results provide compelling evidence that topological Shockley states are realized on As(111).

arXiv comment5 pages, 4 figures

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• Coherent two-dimensional multiphoton photoelectron spectroscopy of metal surfaces
• Tuning time and energy resolution in time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with nonlinear crystals
• Discovery of a hybrid topological quantum state in an elemental solid
• Unveiling the complete dispersion of the giant Rashba split surface states of ferroelectric $\alpha$-GeTe(111) by alkali doping
• Time-, spin-, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a 1-MHz 10.7-eV pulse laser
• Two-dimensional Topological Semimetals Protected by Symmorphic Symmetries
• Generic Approach to Intrinsic Magnetic Second-order Topological Insulators via Inverted $p-d$ Orbitals
• Magneto transport and first principle study of strong topological insulator gray Arsenic