Inductive detection of field-like and damping-like AC inverse spin-orbit torques in ferromagnet/normal metal bilayers

Abstract

Functional spintronic devices rely on spin-charge interconversion effects, such as the reciprocal processes of electric field-driven spin torque and magnetization dynamics-driven spin and charge flow. Both damping-like and field-like spin-orbit torques have been observed in the forward process of current-driven spin torque and damping-like inverse spin-orbit torque has been well-studied via spin pumping into heavy metal layers. Here we demonstrate that established microwave transmission spectroscopy of ferromagnet/normal metal bilayers under ferromagnetic resonance can be used to inductively detect the AC charge currents driven by the inverse spin-charge conversion processes. This technique relies on vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance (VNA-FMR) measurements. We show that in addition to the commonly-extracted spectroscopic information, VNA-FMR measurements can be used to quantify the magnitude and phase of all AC charge currents in the sample, including those due to spin pumping and spin-charge conversion. Our findings reveal that Ni${}_{80}$Fe${}_{20}$/Pt bilayers exhibit both damping-like and field-like inverse spin-orbit torques. While the magnitudes of both the damping-like and field-like inverse spin-orbit torque are of comparable scale to prior reported values for similar material systems, we observed a significant dependence of the damping-like magnitude on the order of deposition. This suggests interface quality plays an important role in the overall strength of the damping-like spin-to-charge conversion.

References in corpus (8)

• Strong spin-orbit splitting on Bi surfaces
• Temperature dependence of spin diffusion length and spin Hall angle in Au and Pt
• Scaling behavior of the spin pumping effect in ferromagnet/platinum bilayers
• Interface enhancement of Gilbert damping from first-principles
• Strong Spin Hall Effect in the Antiferromagnet PtMn
• Spin-orbit torques from interfacial spin-orbit coupling for various interfaces
• Sign of inverse spin Hall voltages generated by ferromagnetic resonance and temperature gradients in yttrium iron garnet|platinum bilayers
• Detection of the dc inverse spin Hall effect due to spin pumping in a novel meander-stripline geometry

Cited by in corpus (28)

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• Determination of spin Hall effect and spin diffusion length of Pt from self-consistent fitting of damping enhancement and inverse spin-orbit torque measurements
• Effects of transition-metal spacers on the spin-orbit torques, spin Hall magnetoresistance, and magnetic anisotropy of Pt/Co bilayers
• Quantitative comparison of electrically induced spin and orbital polarizations in heavy-metal/3d-metal bilayers
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• Temperature-dependent spin-transport and current-induced torques in superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures
• Note: Derivative divide, a method for the analysis of broadband ferromagnetic resonance in the frequency domain
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• Unconventional anomalous Hall effect in 3d/5d multilayers mediated by the nonlocal spin-conductivity
• Simultaneous Optical and Electrical Spin-Torque Magnetometry with Stroboscopic Detection of Spin-Precession Phase
• Correlation between Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interaction and spin mixing conductance at antiferromagnet / ferromagnet interface
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• Strong coupling of Fe-Co alloy with ultralow damping to superconducting co-planar waveguide resonators
• Macro-spin Modeling and Experimental Study of Spin-orbit Torque Biased Magnetic Sensors
• Charge and spin photocurrents in the Rashba model
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• Stacking order-dependent sign-change of microwave phase due to eddy currents in nanometer-scale NiFe/Cu heterostructures
• Inductive detection of inverse spin-orbit torques in magnetic heterostructures
• Current-induced spin-orbit torque on the surface of a transition metal dichalcogenide connected to a two-dimensional ferromagnet CrI${}_3$: Effects of twisting and gating
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