Measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation based on 1230 days of operation of the Daya Bay experiment

Abstract

A measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation by the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment is described in detail. Six 2.9-GW${}_{\mathrm{th}}$ nuclear power reactors of the Daya Bay and Ling Ao nuclear power facilities served as intense sources of ${\overline{\nu }}_e$'s. Comparison of the ${\overline{\nu }}_e$ rate and energy spectrum measured by antineutrino detectors far from the nuclear reactors ($\sim$1500-1950 m) relative to detectors near the reactors ($\sim$350-600 m) allowed a precise measurement of ${\overline{\nu }}_e$ disappearance. More than 2.5 million ${\overline{\nu }}_e$ inverse beta decay interactions were observed, based on the combination of 217 days of operation of six antineutrino detectors (Dec. 2011--Jul. 2012) with a subsequent 1013 days using the complete configuration of eight detectors (Oct. 2012--Jul. 2015). The ${\overline{\nu }}_e$ rate observed at the far detectors relative to the near detectors showed a significant deficit, $R=0.949\pm 0.002(stat.)\pm 0.002(syst.)$. The energy dependence of ${\overline{\nu }}_e$ disappearance showed the distinct variation predicted by neutrino oscillation. Analysis using an approximation for the three-flavor oscillation probability yielded the flavor-mixing angle ${\sin }^{2}2{\theta }_{13}=0.0841\pm 0.0027(stat.)\pm 0.0019(syst.)$ and the effective neutrino mass-squared difference of $\left|\Delta m_{\mathrm{ee}}^2\right|=(2.50\pm 0.06(stat.)\pm 0.06(syst.))\times 10^{-3}{\mathrm{eV}}^2$. Analysis using the exact three-flavor probability found $\Delta m_{32}^2=(2.45\pm 0.06(stat.)\pm 0.06(syst.))\times 10^{-3}{\mathrm{eV}}^2$ assuming the normal neutrino mass hierarchy and $\Delta m_{32}^2=(-2.56\pm 0.06(stat.)\pm 0.06(syst.))\times 10^{-3}{\mathrm{eV}}^2$ for the inverted hierarchy.

arXiv comment44 pages, 44 figures

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