Seasonal Variation of the Underground Cosmic Muon Flux Observed at Daya Bay

Abstract

The Daya Bay Experiment consists of eight identically designed detectors located in three underground experimental halls named as EH1, EH2, EH3, with 250, 265 and 860 meters of water equivalent vertical overburden, respectively. Cosmic muon events have been recorded over a two-year period. The underground muon rate is observed to be positively correlated with the effective atmospheric temperature and to follow a seasonal modulation pattern. The correlation coefficient $\alpha$, describing how a variation in the muon rate relates to a variation in the effective atmospheric temperature, is found to be ${\alpha }_{\text{EH1}}=0.362\pm 0.031$, ${\alpha }_{\text{EH2}}=0.433\pm 0.038$ and ${\alpha }_{\text{EH3}}=0.641\pm 0.057$ for each experimental hall.

arXiv commentUpdated to be identical to the published version

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• Seasonal Variation of Multiple-Muon Cosmic Ray Air Showers Observed in the NOvA Detector on the Surface
• Explanation of the seasonal variation of cosmic multiple muon events observed with the NOvA Near Detector