Initial energy density of $\sqrt{s}=$ 7 and 8 TeV p+p collisions at the LHC

Abstract

Results from the RHIC and LHC experiments show, that in relativistic heavy ion collisions, a new state of matter, a strongly interacting perfect fluid is created. Accelerating, exact and explicit solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics allow for a simple and natural description of this medium. A finite rapidity distribution arises from these solutions, leading to an advanced estimate of the initial energy density of high energy collisions. These solutions can be utilized to describe various aspects of proton-proton collisions, as originally suggested by Landau. We show that an advanced estimate based on hydrodynamics yields an initial energy density in $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 8 TeV p+p collisions at LHC on the same order as the critical energy density from lattice QCD, and a corresponding initial temperature around the critical temperature from QCD and the Hagedorn temperature. The multiplicity dependence of the estimated initial energy density suggests that in high multiplicity pp collisions at the LHC, there is large enough initial energy density to create a non-hadronic perfect fluid.

arXiv comment18 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in the Special Issue "Quark-Gluon Plasma in the Early Universe and in Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions" of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997)

References in corpus (53)

• Experimental and Theoretical Challenges in the Search for the Quark Gluon Plasma: The STAR Collaboration's Critical Assessment of the Evidence from RHIC Collisions
• Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX collaboration
• Quark Gluon Plasma an Color Glass Condensate at RHIC? The perspective from the BRAHMS experiment
• The PHOBOS Perspective on Discoveries at RHIC
• The chiral and deconfinement aspects of the QCD transition
• The QCD equation of state with dynamical quarks
• Observation of Long-Range Near-Side Angular Correlations in Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC
• Elliptic flow of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV
• The QCD transition temperature: results with physical masses in the continuum limit
• Observation of long-range near-side angular correlations in proton-lead collisions at the LHC
• Energy Loss and Flow of Heavy Quarks in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
• 3+1D hydrodynamic simulation of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
• Suppression of charged particle production at large transverse momentum in central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV
• Study of high-pT charged particle suppression in PbPb compared to pp collisions at sqrt(sNN)=2.76 TeV
• Enhanced production of direct photons in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV and implications for the initial temperature
• Scaling properties of azimuthal anisotropy in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
• Measurements of Higher-Order Flow Harmonics in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
• Charged-particle multiplicity measurement in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV with ALICE at LHC
• Measurement of the elliptic anisotropy of charged particles produced in PbPb collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy = 2.76 TeV
• Has the QCD Critical Point been Signaled by Observations at RHIC ?
• Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles from Au+Au collisions at the maximum RHIC energy, Sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
• Identified charged hadron production in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 and 62.4 GeV
• Observation of direct-photon collective flow in sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions
• Bose-Einstein Correlations for Three-Dimensionally Expanding, Cylindrically Symmetric, Finite Systems
• Hydrodynamic Approaches in Relativistic Heavy Ion Reactions
• Proton-proton elastic scattering at the LHC energy of {\surd} = 7 TeV
• Femtoscopy of pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=0.9 and 7 TeV at the LHC with two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations
• High Multiplicity pp and pA Collisions: Hydrodynamics at its Edge
• Hadronic forward scattering: Predictions for the Large Hadron Collider and cosmic rays
• Transverse energy production and charged-particle multiplicity at midrapidity in various systems from $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=7.7$ to 200 GeV
• Elliptic and hexadecapole flow of charged hadrons in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
• Landau Hydrodynamics Reexamined
• Measurement of pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV by the CMS and TOTEM experiments
• Unified description of Bjorken and Landau 1+1 hydrodynamics
• A New Family of Simple Solutions of Perfect Fluid Hydrodynamics
• Hydrodynamics at RHIC and LHC: What have we learned?
• Simple solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics for systems with ellipsoidal symmetry
• Measurement of the forward charged particle pseudorapidity density in pp collisions at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the TOTEM experiment
• Simple solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics for longitudinally and cylindrically expanding systems
• Detailed description of accelerating, simple solutions of relativistic perfect fluid hydrodynamics
• Experimental equation of state in proton-proton and proton-antiproton collisions and phase transition to quark gluon plasma
• Buda-Lund hydro model for ellipsoidally symmetric fireballs and the elliptic flow at RHIC
• Observables and initial conditions for self-similar ellipsoidal flows
• Exact solutions of relativistic perfect fluid hydrodynamics for a QCD equation of state
• Evidence for hadronic deconfinement in $\bar{p}$-p collisions at 1.8 TeV
• A Co-moving Coordinate System for Relativistic Hydrodynamics
• Estimation of Hydrodynamical Model Parameters from the Invariant Spectrum and the Bose-Einstein Correlations of pi-mesons Produced in (pi+/K+)p Interactions at 250 GeV/c
• Observables from a solution of 1+3 dimensional relativistic hydrodynamics
• Equation of state and initial temperature of quark gluon plasma at RHIC
• Multipole solution of hydrodynamics and higher order harmonics
• New exact solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics
• Accelerating Solutions of Perfect Fluid Hydrodynamics for Initial Energy Density and Life-Time Measurements in Heavy Ion Collisions

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Odderon and proton substructure from a model-independent Levy imaging of elastic $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions
• Dynamical analysis of cosmological models with non-Abelian gauge vector fields
• Is there evidence for anomalous dipole anisotropy in the large-scale structure?
• Testing the Cosmic Anisotropy with Supernovae Data: Hemisphere Comparison and Dipole Fitting
• Jet quenching from heavy to light ion collisions
• Cosmic Anisotropy and Fast Radio Bursts
• New exact solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics for longitudinally expanding fireballs
• Analysis of multiplicity dependencies of midrapidity pt distributions of identified charged particles in p+p collisions at (s)1/2=7 TeV at the LHC
• Accelerating hydrodynamic description of pseudorapidity density and the initial energy density in p+p, Cu+Cu, Au+Au, and Pb+Pb collisions at RHIC and LHC
• Energy density and path-length dependence of the fractional momentum loss in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ from 62.4 to 5020 GeV
• 1+1 dimensional relativistic magnetohydrodynamics with longitudinal acceleration
• Charged particle pseudorapidity distributions measured with the STAR EPD