A $\mathcal{M}\gtrsim 3$ shock in `El Gordo' cluster and the origin of the radio relic

Abstract

We present an X-ray and radio study of the famous `El Gordo', a massive and distant ($z=0.87$) galaxy cluster. In the deep (340 ks) Chandra observation, the cluster appears with an elongated and cometary morphology, a sign of its current merging state. The GMRT radio observations at 610 MHz reveal the presence of a radio halo which remarkably overlaps the X-ray cluster emission and connects a couple of radio relics. We detect a strong shock ($\mathcal{M}\gtrsim 3$) in the NW periphery of the cluster, co-spatially located with the radio relic. This is the most distant ($z=0.87$) and one of the strongest shock detected in a galaxy cluster. This work supports the relic-shock connection and allows to investigate the origin of these radio sources in a uncommon regime of $\mathcal{M}\gtrsim 3$. For this particular case we found that shock acceleration from the thermal pool is still a viable possibility.

arXiv comment10 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; Updated to match the accepted version in MNRAS; Results unchanged

References in corpus (51)

• Shocks and cold fronts in galaxy clusters
• Clusters of galaxies : observational properties of the diffuse radio emission
• A Textbook Example of a Bow Shock in the Merging Galaxy Cluster 1E0657-56
• Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters and their non-thermal emission
• Planck 2013 results. XXIX. Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources
• Particle Acceleration on Megaparsec Scales in a Merging Galaxy Cluster
• A moving cold front in the intergalactic medium of A3667
• Bow shock and radio halo in the merging cluster A520
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Sunyaev Zel'dovich Selected Galaxy Clusters at 148 GHz in the 2008 Survey
• Hard X-Ray Radiation in the Coma Cluster Spectrum
• The Cool-Core Bias in X-ray Galaxy Cluster Samples I: Method And Application To HIFLUGCS
• Diffusive Shock Acceleration Simulations of Radio Relics
• LOFAR, VLA, and Chandra observations of the Toothbrush galaxy cluster
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: ACT-CL J0102-4915 "El Gordo," a Massive Merging Cluster at Redshift 0.87
• Giant radio relics in galaxy clusters: reacceleration of fossil relativistic electrons?
• Non-Thermal Electron Acceleration in Low Mach Number Collisionless Shocks. I. Particle Energy Spectra and Acceleration Mechanism
• XMM-Newton Observation of the Northwest Radio Relic Region in Abell 3667
• Systematic X-ray Analysis of Radio Relic Clusters with SUZAKU
• A shock front in the merging galaxy cluster Abell 754: X-ray and radio observations
• Double relics in Abell 2345 and Abell 1240: spectral index and polarization analysis
• Magnetic Fields, Relativistic Particles, and Shock Waves in Cluster Outskirts
• Another shock for the Bullet cluster, and the source of seed electrons for radio relics
• Confirmation of non-thermal hard X-ray excess in the Coma cluster from two epoch observations
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Physical Properties and Purity of a Galaxy Cluster Sample Selected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
• A new double radio relic in PSZ1 G096.89+24.17 and a radio relic mass-luminosity relation
• Non-Thermal Electron Acceleration in Low Mach Number Collisionless Shocks. II. Firehose-Mediated Fermi Acceleration and its Dependence on Pre-Shock Conditions
• Using double radio relics to constrain galaxy cluster mergers: A model of double radio relics in CIZA J2242.8+5301
• Shock heating of the merging galaxy cluster A521
• Chandra observation of two shock fronts in the merging galaxy cluster Abell 2146
• The Radio Relics and Halo of El Gordo, a Massive $z=0.870$ Cluster Merger
• Shock fronts, electron-ion equilibration and ICM transport processes in the merging cluster Abell 2146
• A shock at the radio relic position in Abell 115
• Constraining the efficiency of cosmic ray acceleration by cluster shocks
• Is there a hard tail in the Coma Cluster X-ray spectrum?
• Results from a Second RXTE Observation of the Coma Cluster
• A double radio relic in the merging galaxy cluster ZwCl 0008.8+5215
• A shock front at the radio relic of Abell 2744
• Re-acceleration Model for Radio Relics with Spectral Curvature
• Chandra ACIS-I particle background: an analytical model
• Chandra measurements of non-thermal-like X-ray emission from massive, merging, radio-halo clusters
• A Suzaku Search for Non-thermal Emission at Hard X-ray Energies in the Coma Cluster
• A Hydrodynamical Solution for the "Twin-Tailed" Colliding Galaxy Cluster "El Gordo"
• A Strong Merger Shock in Abell 665
• The return of the merging galaxy subclusters of El Gordo?
• A NuSTAR observation of the center of the Coma Cluster
• Magnetic Field Evolution in Giant Radio Relics using the example of CIZA J2242.8+5301
• Initial Conditions for Idealised Clusters Mergers, simulating El Gordo
• Nonthermal hard X-ray excess in the Coma cluster: resolving the discrepancy between the results of different PDS data analyses
• Simulating the galaxy cluster "El Gordo" and identifying the merger configuration
• Injection of $\kappa$-like Suprathermal Particles into Diffusive Shock Acceleration
• The Lack of Diffuse, Nonthermal Hard X-ray Emission in the Coma Cluster: The Swift BAT's Eye View

Cited by in corpus (57)

• Diffuse Radio Emission from Galaxy Clusters
• Astrophysics with the Spatially and Spectrally Resolved Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effects: A Millimetre/Submillimetre Probe of the Warm and Hot Universe
• LOFAR observations of galaxy clusters in HETDEX
• The MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey I. Survey Overview and Highlights
• Shock acceleration efficiency in radio relics
• Deep VLA observations of the cluster 1RXS J0603.3+4214 in the frequency range 1-2 GHz
• Shocks and cold fronts in merging and massive galaxy clusters: new detections with Chandra
• LOFAR discovery of a double radio halo system in Abell 1758 and radio/X-ray study of the cluster pair
• Dissecting nonthermal emission in the complex multiple-merger galaxy cluster Abell 2744: Radio and X-ray analysis
• New mysteries and challenges from the Toothbrush relic: wideband observations from 550 MHz to 8 GHz
• Suzaku observations of the merging galaxy cluster Abell2255: The northeast radio relic
• Radio observations of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 520
• Exploring the spectral properties of radio relics I: Integrated spectral index and Mach number
• Polarisation of Radio Relics in Galaxy Clusters
• Particle re-acceleration and Faraday-complex structures in the RXC J1314.4-2515 galaxy cluster
• Deep low-frequency radio observations of Abell 2256 I: The filamentary radio relic
• X-ray study of the double radio relic Abell 3376 with Suzaku
• The LOFAR and JVLA view of the distant steep spectrum radio halo in MACS J1149.5+2223
• Radio fossils, relics, and haloes in Abell 3266: cluster archaeology with ASKAP-EMU and the ATCA
• ALMA-SZ Detection of a Galaxy Cluster Merger Shock at Half the Age of the Universe
• Understanding the radio relic emission in the galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745: spectral analysis
• A Robust Model for Flux Density Calculations of Radio Halos in Galaxy Clusters: Halo-FDCA
• Discovery of a Supercluster in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey: X-ray Properties, Radio Halo, and Double Relics
• The Planck clusters in the LOFAR sky VI. LoTSS-DR2: Properties of radio relics
• Analytical model for cluster radio relics
• Observations of the galaxy cluster CIZA J2242.8+5301 with the Sardinia Radio Telescope
• A Study of High-redshift AGN Feedback in SZ Cluster Samples
• Radio observations of the double-relic galaxy cluster Abell 1240
• Evidence for a merger induced shock wave in ZwCl\,0008.8+5215 with {\it Chandra} and {\it Suzaku}
• Turbulent magnetic fields in the merging galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745: polarization analysis
• Synchrotron Intensity Gradient Revealing Magnetic Fields in Galaxy Clusters
• Discovery of a pre-merger shock in an intercluster filament in Abell 98
• A MUSE view of the massive merging galaxy cluster ACT-CL J0102-4915 (El Gordo) at z = 0.87: robust strong lensing model and data release
• Radio relics in PSZ2 G096.88+24.18: A connection with pre-existing plasma
• Free-form lens model and mass estimation of the high redshift galaxy cluster ACT-CL J0102-4915, "El Gordo"
• A Massive Cluster at z = 0.288 Caught in the Process of Formation: The Case of Abell 959
• Multi-Phenomena Modeling of the New Bullet Cluster, ZwCl008.8+52, using N-body/hydrodynamical Simulations
• Simulations of the Galaxy Cluster CIZA J2242.8+5301 I: Thermal Model and Shock Properties
• Surface brightness discontinuities in radio halos. Insights from the MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey
• SPT-CL J2032-5627: a new Southern double relic cluster observed with ASKAP
• Active gas features in three HSC-SSP CAMIRA clusters revealed by high angular resolution analysis of MUSTANG-2 SZE and XXL X-ray observations
• Diffuse radio emission in MACS J0025.4$-$1222: the effect of a major merger on bulk separation of ICM components
• Abell 1430: A merging cluster with exceptional diffuse radio emission
• The correlation between radio power and Mach number for radio relics in galaxy clusters
• The spectacular cluster chain Abell 781 as observed with LOFAR, GMRT, and XMM-Newton
• An Off-Axis Galaxy Cluster Merger: Abell 0141
• Search for low-frequency diffuse radio emission around a shock in the massive galaxy cluster MACS J0744.9+3927
• On the Challenges of Cosmic-Ray Proton Shock Acceleration in the Intracluster Medium
• Unveiling The Origin of Peculiar Diffuse Radio Emission in Abell 1351
• Double radio relics and radio halo in the high redshift galaxy cluster El Gordo with the Upgraded GMRT
• Complex diffuse emission in the $z=0.52$ cluster PLCK~G004.5-19.5
• Protruding bullet heads indicating dark matter pull
• A Pre-Merger Stage Galaxy Cluster: Abell 3733
• Chandra observations of the Abell S0295 cluster
• Deciphering the spectral properties of the atypical radio relic in A115 using uGMRT, VLA, and LOFAR
• A high-resolution study of the double radio relic system in MACS J1752.0+4440
• Low-frequency integrated radio spectra of diffuse, steep-spectrum sources in galaxy clusters: palaeontology with the MWA and ASKAP