Antiferromagnetic correlations in two-dimensional fermionic Mott-insulating and metallic phases

Abstract

Near zero temperature, quantum magnetism can non-trivially arise from short-range interactions, but the occurrence of magnetic order depends crucially on the interplay of interactions, lattice geometry, dimensionality and doping. Even though the consequences of this interplay are not yet fully understood, quantum magnetism is believed to be connected to a range of complex phenomena in the solid state, for example, in the context of high-$T_c$ superconductivity and spin liquids in frustrated lattices. Ultracold atomic Fermi gases in optical lattices constitute an experimental system with unrivalled tunability and detection capabilities to explore quantum magnetism by analog quantum simulation. In this work, we study the emergence of antiferromagnetic correlations between ultracold fermionic atoms in two dimensions with decreasing temperature. We determine the magnetic susceptibility of the Hubbard model from simultaneous measurements of the in-situ density of both spin components. At half-filling and strong interactions our data approach the Heisenberg model of localized spins with antiferromagnetic correlations. Moreover, we observe the disappearance of magnetic correlations when the system is doped away from half-filling. Our observation of the dependence of quantum magnetism on doping paves the way for future studies on the emergence of pseudogap and pairing phenomena away from half-filling.

arXiv comment7 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (30)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Correlated Electrons in High Temperature Superconductors
• A Mott insulator of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice
• Metallic and Insulating Phases of Repulsively Interacting Fermions in a 3D Optical Lattice
• Fermionic atoms in a 3D optical lattice: Observing Fermi-surfaces, dynamics and interactions
• Using photoemission spectroscopy to probe a strongly interacting Fermi gas
• Fermi-Hubbard physics with atoms in an optical lattice
• Computational Studies of Quantum Spin Systems
• High-temperature superfluidity of fermionic atoms in optical lattices
• Observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in the Hubbard model with ultracold atoms
• Spin and Charge Resolved Quantum Gas Microscopy of Antiferromagnetic Order in Hubbard Chains
• Short-range quantum magnetism of ultracold fermions in an optical lattice
• An SU(N) Mott insulator of an atomic Fermi gas realized by large-spin Pomeranchuk cooling
• Observation of Spatial Charge and Spin Correlations in the 2D Fermi-Hubbard Model
• Site-resolved measurement of the spin-correlation function in the Hubbard model
• Observation of a pairing pseudogap in a two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Far-from-equilibrium spin transport in Heisenberg quantum magnets
• Site-resolved imaging of a fermionic Mott insulator
• Direct probing of the Mott crossover in the SU($N$) Fermi-Hubbard model
• Fermions in 2D Optical Lattices: Temperature and Entropy Scales for Observing Antiferromagnetism and Superfluidity
• Measuring the one-particle excitations of ultracold fermionic atoms by stimulated Raman spectroscopy
• Universal spin dynamics in two-dimensional Fermi gases
• Observation of 2D fermionic Mott insulators of ${}^{40}$K with single-site resolution
• Equation of state of the two-dimensional Hubbard model
• Thermodynamics of strongly interacting fermions in two-dimensional optical lattices
• Extracting density-density correlations from in situ images of atomic quantum gases
• Compressibility of a fermionic Mott insulator of ultracold atoms
• Thermodynamics of the planar Hubbard model
• Equation of State of the Fermionic 2D Hubbard Model
• Thermodynamics vs. local density fluctuations in the metal/Mott-insulator crossover

Cited by in corpus (52)

• Experimental realization of a long-range antiferromagnet in the Hubbard model with ultracold atoms
• Artificial flat band systems: from lattice models to experiments
• Dipolar physics: A review of experiments with magnetic quantum gases
• Probing quench dynamics across a quantum phase transition into a 2D Ising antiferromagnet
• Observation of canted antiferromagnetism with ultracold fermions in an optical lattice
• Exploring Interacting Topological Insulators with Ultracold Atoms: the Synthetic Creutz-Hubbard Model
• Exploration of doped quantum magnets with ultracold atoms
• Quantum gas microscopy of an attractive Fermi-Hubbard system
• Determinant Diagrammatic Monte Carlo in the Thermodynamic Limit
• Competing magnetic orders in a bilayer Hubbard model with ultracold atoms
• Doublon-hole correlations and fluctuation thermometry in a Fermi-Hubbard gas
• Direct observation of incommensurate magnetism in Hubbard chains
• Site-resolved imaging of ultracold fermions in a triangular-lattice quantum gas microscope
• Realization of a Bosonic Antiferromagnet
• A dynamical mean-field theory study of stripe order and d-wave superconductivity in the two-dimensional Hubbard model
• Equation of State and Thermometry of the 2D SU($N$) Fermi-Hubbard Model
• Probing the bond order wave phase transitions of the ionic Hubbard model by superlattice modulation spectroscopy
• Effects of interaction strength, doping, and frustration on the antiferromagnetic phase of the two-dimensional Hubbard model
• Temperature and doping induced instabilities of the repulsive Hubbard model on Lieb lattice
• Work-distribution quantumness and irreversibility when crossing a quantum phase transition in finite time
• Critical Opalescence across the Doping Driven Mott Transition in Optical Lattices of Ultracold Atoms
• Measuring entropy and mutual information in the two-dimensional Hubbard model
• Quantum gas microscopy of a geometrically frustrated Hubbard system
• Entanglement and classical correlations at the doping-driven Mott transition in the two-dimensional Hubbard model
• Simulation of Dynamical Quantum Phase Transition of the 1D Transverse Ising Model with a Double-chain Bose-Hubbard model
• Quantum phase transitions of multi-species Dirac fermions
• Nagaoka ferromagnetism in doped Hubbard models in optical lattices
• Simulating a Mott insulator using attractive interaction
• Robust and Ultrafast State Preparation by Ramping Artificial Gauge Potentials
• Implementation of a stable, high-power optical lattice for quantum gas microscopy
• Quantum probe spectroscopy for cold atomic systems
• Time-dependent ghost-Gutzwiller non-equilibrium dynamics
• Quantum magnetism with ultracold bosons carrying orbital angular momentum
• Magnetic properties and temperature variation of spectra in the Hubbard model
• Coherent Manipulation of Spin Correlations in the Hubbard Model
• Numerical linked-cluster expansions for disordered lattice models
• Thermometry of bosonic mixtures in Optical Lattices via Demixing
• Local moments versus itinerant antiferromagnetism: magnetic phase diagram and spectral properties of the anisotropic square lattice Hubbard model
• Singlet pairing and superconductivity in t-J ladders with Mott insulating stripes
• A generalized effective spin-chain formalism for strongly interacting spinor gases in optical lattice
• Quantum simulation costs for Suzuki-Trotter decomposition of quantum many-body lattice models
• Engineering of a Low-Entropy Quantum Simulator for Strongly Correlated Electrons Using SU($\mathcal{N}$)-Symmetric Cold Atom Mixtures
• Correlations generated from high-temperature states: nonequilibrium dynamics in the Fermi-Hubbard model
• Simulation of classical Ising-like magnetism with a Mott insulator of paired atoms
• Cooling Fermions in an Optical Lattice by Adiabatic Demagnetization
• Itinerant ferromagnetism in the repulsive Hubbard chain with anisotropic odd-wave attraction
• Uncovering double-stripe and plaquette antiferromagnetic states in the one-band Hubbard model on a frustrated square lattice
• Flux-driven quantum spin liquids in kagome optical lattices
• Magnetic properties and superconductivity in the two-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model
• Impurity and soliton dynamics in a Fermi gas with nearest-neighbor interactions
• Effect of Quantum Statistics on Computational Power of Atomic Quantum Annealers
• Quantum simulation of the Hubbard model with ultracold fermions in optical lattices