Intrinsic Paramagnetic Meissner Effect due to s-wave Odd-Frequency Superconductivity

Abstract

In 1933, Meissner and Ochsenfeld reported the expulsion of magnetic flux, the diamagnetic Meissner effect, from the interior of superconducting lead. This discovery was crucial in formulating the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductivity. In exotic superconducting systems BCS theory does not strictly apply. A classical example is a superconductor-magnet hybrid system where magnetic ordering breaks time-reversal symmetry of the superconducting condensate and results in the stabilisation of an odd-frequency superconducting state. It has been predicted that under appropriate conditions, odd-frequency superconductivity should manifest in the Meissner state as fluctuations in the sign of the magnetic susceptibility meaning that the superconductivity can either repel (diamagnetic) or attract (paramagnetic) external magnetic flux. Here we report local probe measurements of faint magnetic fields in a Au/Ho/Nb trilayer system using low energy muons, where antiferromagnetic Ho (4.5 nm) breaks time-reversal symmetry of the proximity induced pair correlations in Au. From depth-resolved measurements below the superconducting transition of Nb we observe a local enhancement of the magnetic field in Au that exceeds the externally applied field, thus proving the existence of an intrinsic paramagnetic Meissner effect arising from an odd-frequency superconducting state.

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• Materials challenges for SrRuO3: from conventional to quantum electronics
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• Anisotropic Paramagnetic Meissner Effect by Spin-Orbit Coupling
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• Odd-frequency Superconductivity Revealed by Thermopower
• Suppression of odd-frequency pairing by phase-disorder in a nanowire coupled to Majorana zero modes
• Electric control of superconducting transition through a spin-orbit coupled interface
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• Distortions to the penetration depth and coherence length of superconductor/normal-metal superlattices
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• Symmetry analysis of odd- and even-frequency superconducting gap symmetries for time-reversal symmetric interactions
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• Quasiparticle interference as a direct experimental probe of bulk odd-frequency superconducting pairing
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• Generation of odd-frequency surface superconductivity with spontaneous spin current due to the zero-energy Andreev bound state
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• Signature of long-ranged spin triplets across a two-dimensional superconductor/helimagnet van der Waals interface
• Diamagnetic property and optical absorption in conventional superconductors with magnetic impurities
• Emergent properties and the multiscale characterization challenge in condensed matter, from crystals to complex materials: a Review
• Spectroscopic and optical response of odd-frequency superconductors
• Direct detection of odd-frequency superconductivity via time- and angle-resolved photoelectron fluctuation spectroscopy
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• Anti-Lenz Supercurrents in Superconducting Spin Valves
• Odd-frequency pairing in a superconductor coupled to two parallel nanowires
• Field-free nucleation of antivortices and giant vortices in non-superconducting materials
• Giant electromagnetic proximity effect in superconductor/ferromagnet superlattices
• Odd-frequency Pairing in the Edge States of Superconducting Pnictides in the Coexistence Phase with Antiferromagnetism
• Paramagnetic Meissner, vortex and 'onion' ground states in Fulde-Ferrell finite-size superconductor
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• Pairing properties of an odd-frequency superfluid Fermi gas
• Vortex supercurrent inversion by frequency-symmetry conversion of Cooper pairs
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