Interplay of finite-energy and finite-momentum superconducting pairing

Abstract

Understanding the nature of Cooper pairs is essential to describe the properties of superconductors. The original proposal of Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer (BCS) was based on electrons pairing with same energy and zero center-of-mass momentum. With the advent of new superconductors, different forms of pairing have been discussed. In particular, Cooper pairs with finite center-of-mass momentum have received large interest. Along with such finite-momentum pairs, pairing of electrons at different energies is also central to understanding some superconductors. Here, we investigate the interplay of finite-momentum and finite-energy Cooper pairs considering two different systems: a conventional $s$-wave superconductor under applied magnetic field and a $d$-wave finite-momentum pairing state in the absence of magnetic field relevant to correlated superconductors. Investigating both these systems, we find finite-energy pairs persisting independently of finite-momentum pairing, and that they lead to odd-frequency superconducting correlations. We contrast this finding by showing that the even-frequency correlations are predominantly driven by zero-energy pairs for most frequencies. We further calculate the Meissner effect and find that odd-frequency correlations are essential for correctly describing the Meissner effect.

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Cited by in corpus (6)

• Weak-Coupling Theory of Pair Density-Wave Instabilities in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
• Quasiparticle interference as a direct experimental probe of bulk odd-frequency superconducting pairing
• Helical Topological Superconducting Pairing at Finite Excitation Energies
• Temperature tuned Fermi surface topology and segmentation in non-centrosymmetric superconductors
• $\eta$-pairing on bipartite and non-bipartite lattices
• Gap fluctuations, Cooper pairs with finite center-of-mass momentum, and suppression of superconductivity in inhomogeneous systems with dopant superpuddles agglomerates