Distinguishing `disks' from `mergers': tracing the kinematic asymmetries in local (U)LIRGs using `kinemetry'-based criteria

Abstract

The kinematic characterization of different galaxy populations is a key observational input to distinguish between different galaxy evolutionary scenarios, since it helps to determine the number ratio of rotating disks to mergers at different cosmic epochs. Local (U)LIRGs offer a unique opportunity to study at high linear resolution and S/N extreme star forming events and compare them with those observed at high-z. We obtained Very Large Telescope (VLT) VIMOS optical integral field spectroscopy (IFS) data of a sample of 38 (U)LIRGs. The `unweighted' and `weighted' {kinemetry}-based methods are used to kinematically classify our galaxies in `disk' and `merger'. We simulate our systems at z=3 to evaluate how a loss of angular resolution affects our results. From the kinemetry-based analysis we are able classify our local (U)LIRGs in three distinct kinematic groups according to their total kinematic asymmetry values (K${}_{tot}$) as derived when using the weighted (unweighted) method: 1) 25 out of 50 galaxies are kinematically classified as `disk', with a K${}_{tot}\le$ 0.16 (0.14); 2) 9 out of 50 galaxies are kinematically classified as `merger', with a K${}_{tot}\ge$ 0.94 (0.66); 3) 16 out of 50 galaxies lie in the `transition region', in which disks and mergers coexist, with 0.16 (0.14) $<$ K${}_{tot}$ $<$ 0.94 (0.66). When we apply our criteria to the high-z simulated systems, a lower total kinematic asymmetry frontier value (K${}_{tot}$ $\sim$ 0.16 ($\sim$ 0.14)) is derived with respect to that found locally. The loss of angular resolution smears out the kinematic features, thus making objects to appear more kinematically regular than actually they are.

arXiv comment17 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables

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