The Matryoshka Disk: Keck/NIRC2 Discovery of a Solar System-Scale, Radially Segregated Residual Protoplanetary Disk Around HD 141569A

Abstract

Using Keck/NIRC2 $L^{\prime }$ (3.78 $\mu m$) data, we report the direct imaging discovery of a scattered light-resolved, solar system-scale residual protoplanetary disk around the young A-type star HD 141569A, interior to and concentric with the two ring-like structures at wider separations. The disk is resolved down to $\sim$ 0\farcs{}25 and appears as an arc-like rim with attached hook-like features. It is located at an angular separation intermediate between that of warm CO gas identified from spatially-resolved mid-infrared spectroscopy and diffuse dust emission recently discovered with the \textit{Hubble Space Telescope}. The inner disk has a radius of $\sim$ 39 AU, a position angle consistent with north-up, an inclination of $i$ $\sim$ 56${}^o$, and has a center offset from the star. Forward-modeling of the disk favors a thick torus-like emission sharply truncated at separations beyond the torus' photocenter and heavily depleted at smaller separations. In particular, the best-fit density power law for the dust suggests that the inner disk dust and gas (as probed by CO) are radially segregated, a feature consistent with the dust trapping mechanism inferred from observations of "canonical" transitional disks. However, the inner disk component may instead be explained by radiation pressure-induced migration in optically-thin conditions, in contrast to the two stellar companion/planet-influenced ring-like structures at wider separations. HD 141569A's circumstellar environment --- with three nested, gapped, concentric dust populations --- is an excellent laboratory for understanding the relationship between planet formation and the evolution of both dust grains and disk architecture.

8 pages, 4 figures, ApJ Letters in press

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• Spiral Arms in Disks: Planets or Gravitational Instability?
• Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Protoplanetary Disks around Herbig Ae/Be and T Tauri Stars
• Discovery of concentric broken rings at sub-arcsec separations in the HD 141569A gas-rich, debris disk with VLT/SPHERE
• The JWST Early Release Science Program for the Direct Imaging & Spectroscopy of Exoplanetary Systems
• Transition disks: the observational revolution from SEDs to imaging
• Characterization of the inner disk around HD 141569 A from Keck/NIRC2 L-band vortex coronagraphy
• ISPY -- NACO Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars: Survey description and results from the first 2.5 years of observations
• Subaru/SCExAO First-Light Direct Imaging of a Young Debris Disk around HD 36546
• Revealing asymmetrical dust distribution in the inner regions of HD 141569
• Extended Millimeter Emission in the HD 141569 Circumstellar Disk Detected with ALMA
• The GRAVITY Young Stellar Object survey VIII. Gas and dust faint inner rings in the hybrid disk of HD141569
• Imaging the 44 AU Kuiper Belt-analogue debris ring around HD 141569A with GPI polarimetry
• Disentangling Planets from Photoelectric Instability in Gas-Rich Optically Thin Dusty Disks