Spiral waves triggered by shadows in transition disks

Abstract

Circumstellar asymmetries such as central warps have recently been shown to cast shadows on outer disks. We investigate the hydrodynamical consequences of such variable illumination on the outer regions of a transition disk, and the development of spiral arms. Using 2D simulations, we follow the evolution of a gaseous disk passively heated by the central star, under the periodic forcing of shadows with an opening angle of $\sim$28${}^{\circ }$. With a lower pressure under the shadows, each crossing results in a variable azimuthal acceleration, which in time develops into spiral density waves. Their pitch angles evolve from $\Pi \sim 15^{\circ }-22^{\circ }$ at the onset, to $\sim$11${}^{\circ }$-14${}^{\circ }$, over $\sim$65~AU to 150~AU. Self-gravity enhances the density contrast of the spiral waves, as also reported previously for spirals launched by planets. Our control simulations with unshadowed irradiation do not develop structures, except for a different form of spiral waves seen at later times only in the gravitationally unstable control case. Scattered light predictions in the $H$-band show that such illumination spirals should be observable. We suggest that spiral arms in the case-study transition disk HD~142527 could be explained as a result of shadowing from the tilted inner disk.

6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJL

References in corpus (6)

• Asymmetric features in the protoplanetary disk MWC758
• Shadows cast by a warp in the HD 142527 protoplanetary disk
• Type I planetary migration in a self-gravitating disk
• Spiral arms in the disk of HD 142527 from CO emission lines with ALMA
• Spiral Arms in Gravitationally Unstable Protoplanetary Disks as Imaged in Scattered Light
• Discovery of a Two-Armed Spiral Structure in the Gapped Disk in HD 100453

Cited by in corpus (62)

• Shadows and spirals in the protoplanetary disk HD 100453
• Circumbinary, not transitional: On the spiral arms, cavity, shadows, fast radial flows, streamers and horseshoe in the HD142527 disc
• The Eccentric Cavity, Triple Rings, Two-Armed Spirals, and Double Clumps of the MWC 758 Disk
• The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): III. Spiral Structures in the Millimeter Continuum of the Elias 27, IM Lup, and WaOph 6 Disks
• The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): IV. Characterizing substructures and interactions in disks around multiple star systems
• Flybys in protoplanetary discs: I. Gas and dust dynamics
• Evolution of protoplanetary disks from their taxonomy in scattered light: spirals, rings, cavities, and shadows
• Planet Formation in AB Aurigae: Imaging of the inner gaseous Spirals observed inside the Dust Cavity
• Signatures of broken protoplanetary discs in scattered light and in sub-millimetre observations
• On the diversity of asymmetries in gapped protoplanetary disks
• Evidence for a massive dust-trapping vortex connected to spirals: a multi-wavelength analysis of the HD~135344B protoplanetary disk
• The complex morphology of the young disk MWC 758: Spirals and dust clumps around a large cavity
• Discovery of a point-like source and a third spiral arm in the transition disk around the Herbig Ae star MWC 758
• A Close-up View of the Young Circumbinary Disk HD 142527
• Exploring dust around HD142527 down to 0.025" / 4au using SPHERE/ZIMPOL
• An inner warp in the DoAr 44 T Tauri transition disk
• Inclined Massive Planets in a Protoplanetary Disc: Gap Opening, Disc Breaking, and Observational Signatures
• Spiral arms in the proto-planetary disc HD100453 detected with ALMA: evidence for binary-disc interaction and a vertical temperature gradient
• Spiral Arms in Disks: Planets or Gravitational Instability?
• Evolution of protoplanetary disks from their taxonomy in scattered light: Group I vs. Group II
• A Tale of Planet Formation: From Dust to Planets
• Gap, shadows, spirals, streamers: SPHERE observations of binary-disk interactions in GG Tau A
• Planet formation and stability in polar circumbinary discs
• Is the ring inside or outside the planet?: The effect of planet migration on dust rings
• The Orbit of the Companion to HD 100453A: Binary-Driven Spiral Arms in a Protoplanetary Disk
• Resolving faint structures in the debris disk around TWA7
• Thermal Infrared Imaging of MWC 758 with the Large Binocular Telescope: Planetary Driven Spiral Arms?
• ALMA study of the HD 100453 AB system and the tidal interaction of the companion with the disk
• Dynamical Evidence of a Spiral Arm--Driving Planet in the MWC 758 Protoplanetary Disk
• Multiple Spiral Arms in Protoplanetary Disks: Linear Theory
• Planetary-like spirals caused by moving shadows in transition discs
• First scattered light detection of a nearly edge-on transition disk around the T Tauri star RY Lup
• A kinematically detected planet candidate in a transition disk
• Observing the linked depletion of dust and CO gas at 0.1-10 au in disks of intermediate-mass stars
• Dust trapping around Lagrangian points in protoplanetary disks
• Spirals, shadows & precession in HD 100453 -- I. The orbit of the binary
• The Physical Properties of the SVS 13 Protobinary System: Two Circumstellar Disks and a Spiraling Circumbinary Disk in the Making
• A single-armed spiral in the protoplanetary disk around HD34282 ?
• Dusty clumps in circumbinary discs
• A "Rosetta Stone" for protoplanetary disks: The synergy of multi-wavelength observations
• Cooling in the shade of warped transition disks
• Disk Accretion Driven by Spiral Shocks
• Dusty spirals triggered by shadows in transition discs
• Spirals, shadows & precession in HD 100453 -- II. The hidden companion
• Analysis of the arm-like structure in the outer disk of PDS 70. Spiral density wave or vortex?
• Near-Infrared Imaging of a Spiral in the CQ Tau Disk
• Signs of late infall and possible planet formation around DR Tau using VLT/SPHERE and LBTI/LMIRCam
• Spatially correlated stellar accretion in the Lupus star forming region: Evidence for ongoing infall from the interstellar medium
• Dynamical signatures of Rossby vortices in cavity-hosting disks
• A Tight Relation between Spiral Arm Pitch Angle and Protoplanetary Disk Mass
• External or internal companion exciting the spiral arms in CQ Tau?
• Apparent motion of the circumstellar envelope of CQ Tau in scattered light
• First Images of the Protoplanetary Disk Around PDS 201
• Dynamical detection of a companion driving a spiral arm in a protoplanetary disk
• Space-Based Coronagraphic Imaging Polarimetry of the TW Hydrae Disk: Shedding New Light on Self-Shadowing Effects
• Effects of disc asymmetries on astrometric measurements - Can they mimic planets?
• Radiative scale-height and shadows in protoplanetary disks
• Asymmetric Temperature Variations In Protoplanetary disks: I. Linear Theory, Corotating Spirals, and Ring Formation
• Can gap-edge illumination excite spirals in protoplanetary disks? Three-temperature radiation hydrodynamics and NIR image modelling
• Observable scattered light features from inclined and non-inclined planets embedded in protoplanetary discs
• Winding Motion of Spirals in a Gravitationally Unstable Protoplanetary Disk
• Brightness variability in polar circumbinary disks