Dusty spirals triggered by shadows in transition discs

Abstract

Context. Despite the recent discovery of spiral-shaped features in protoplanetary discs in the near-infrared and millimetric wavelengths, there is still an active discussion to understand how they formed. In fact, the spiral waves observed in discs around young stars can be due to different physical mechanisms: planet/companion torques, gravitational perturbations or illumination effects. Aims. We study the spirals formed in the gaseous phase due to two diametrically opposed shadows cast at fixed disc locations. The shadows are created by an inclined non-precessing disc inside the cavity, which is assumed to be optically thick. In particular, we analyse the effect of these spirals on the dynamics of the dust particles and discuss their detectability in transition discs. Methods. We perform gaseous hydrodynamical simulations with shadows, then we compute the dust evolution on top of the gaseous distribution, and finally we produce synthetic ALMA observations of the dust emission based on radiative transfer calculations. Results. Our main finding is that mm- to cm-sized dust particles are efficiently trapped inside the shadow-triggered spirals. We also observe that particles of various sizes starting at different stellocentric distances are well mixed inside these pressure maxima. This dynamical effect would favour grain growth and affect the resulting composition of planetesimals in the disc. In addition, our radiative transfer calculations show spiral patterns in the disc at 1.6 μm and 1.3 mm. Due to their faint thermal emission (compared to the bright inner regions of the disc) the spirals cannot be detected with ALMA. Our synthetic observations prove however that shadows are observable as dips in the thermal emission.

15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

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Cited by in corpus (14)

• Flybys in protoplanetary discs: I. Gas and dust dynamics
• Spiral arms in the proto-planetary disc HD100453 detected with ALMA: evidence for binary-disc interaction and a vertical temperature gradient
• Flybys in protoplanetary discs: II. Observational signatures
• Planet formation and stability in polar circumbinary discs
• Dust trapping around Lagrangian points in protoplanetary disks
• Spirals, shadows & precession in HD 100453 -- I. The orbit of the binary
• The contribution of binary star formation via core-fragmentation on protostellar multiplicity
• Dusty clumps in circumbinary discs
• Asymmetric Temperature Variations In Protoplanetary disks: I. Linear Theory, Corotating Spirals, and Ring Formation
• Radiative scale-height and shadows in protoplanetary disks
• Millimeter emission in photoevaporating disks is determined by early substructures
• Can gap-edge illumination excite spirals in protoplanetary disks? Three-temperature radiation hydrodynamics and NIR image modelling
• An unusually large gaseous transit in a debris disc
• The Dissolution of Planetesimals in Electrostatic Fields