The Physical Properties of the SVS 13 Protobinary System: Two Circumstellar Disks and a Spiraling Circumbinary Disk in the Making

Abstract

We present VLA and ALMA observations of the close (0.3" = 90 au separation) protobinary system SVS 13. We detect two small circumstellar disks (radii $\sim$12 and $\sim$9 au in dust, and $\sim$30 au in gas) with masses of $\sim$0.004-0.009 $M_{sun}$ for VLA 4A (the western component) and $\sim$0.009-0.030 $M_{sun}$ for VLA 4B (the eastern component). A circumbinary disk with prominent spiral arms extending $\sim$500 au and a mass of $\sim$0.052 $M_{sun}$ appears to be in the earliest stages of formation. The dust emission is more compact and with a very high optical depth toward VLA 4B, while toward VLA 4A the dust column density is lower, allowing the detection of stronger molecular transitions. We infer rotational temperatures of $\sim$140 K, on scales of $\sim$30 au, across the whole source, and a rich chemistry. Molecular transitions typical of hot corinos are detected toward both protostars, being stronger toward VLA 4A, with several ethylene glycol transitions detected only toward this source. There are clear velocity gradients, that we interpret in terms of infall plus rotation of the circumbinary disk, and purely rotation of the circumstellar disk of VLA 4A. We measured orbital proper motions and determined a total stellar mass of 1 $M_{sun}$. From the molecular kinematics we infer the geometry and orientation of the system, and stellar masses of $\sim$0.26 $M_{sun}$ for VLA 4A and $\sim$0.60 $M_{sun}$ for VLA 4B.

59 pages, 28 Figures, 14 Tables, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal. Includes changes after the ApJ proof corrections

References in corpus (28)

• Gaia Early Data Release 3 -- Catalogue validation
• The ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS): First results from an unbiased submillimeter wavelength line survey of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 with ALMA
• On the diversity and statistical properties of protostellar discs
• A Triple Protostar System Formed via Fragmentation of a Gravitationally Unstable Disk
• Shedding light on the formation of the pre-biotic molecule formamide with ASAI
• Questioning the spatial origin of complex organic molecules in young protostars with the CALYPSO survey
• The Perseus ALMA Chemistry Survey (PEACHES). I. The Complex Organic Molecules in Perseus Embedded Protostars
• Gas flow and accretion via spiral streamers and circumstellar disks in a young binary protostar
• Hot Corinos Chemical Diversity: Myth or Reality?
• Spiral Arms, Infall, and Misalignment of the Circumbinary Disk from the Circumstellar Disks in the Protostellar Binary System L1551 NE
• Angular Momentum Exchange by Gravitational Torques and Infall in the Circumbinary Disk of the Protostellar System L1551 NE
• Active-Region Tilt Angles: Magnetic Versus White-Light Determinations of Joy's Law
• A Spitzer Five-Band Analysis of the Jupiter-Sized Planet TrES-1
• Orbital and mass constraints of the young binary system IRAS 16293-2422 A
• Glycolaldehyde in Perseus young solar analogs
• Radio Measurements of the stellar proper motions in the core of the Orion Nebula Cluster
• Implications of a hot atmosphere/corino from ALMA observations towards NGC1333 IRAS 4A1
• An Asymmetric Keplerian Disk Surrounding the O-type Protostar IRAS16547$-$4247
• New Radio Sources and the Composite Structure of Component B in the Very Young Protostellar System IRAS 16293-2422
• CALYPSO view of SVS 13A with PdBI: Multiple jet sources
• The VLA/ALMA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity (VANDAM) Survey of Orion Protostars IV. Unveiling the Embedded Intermediate-Mass Protostar and Disk within OMC2-FIR3/HOPS-370
• Organic complexity in protostellar disk candidates
• The Launch Region of the SVS 13 Outflow and Jet
• Structure of a protobinary system: an asymmetric circumbinary disk and spiral arms
• HfS, Hyperfine Structure Fitting Tool
• On the nature of the compact sources in IRAS 16293-2422 seen in at centimeter to sub-millimeter wavelengths
• Circumbinary Disks of the Protostellar Binary Systems in the L1551 Region
• Proper Motions of Thermal Radio Sources near HH 7-11 in the NGC 1333 Star Forming Region

Cited by in corpus (15)

• PRODIGE -- Envelope to Disk with NOEMA II. Small-scale temperature structure and a streamer feeding the SVS13A protobinary using CH3CN and DCN
• Hunt for complex cyanides in protostellar ices with JWST: Tentative detection of CH${}_3$CN and C${}_2$H${}_5$CN
• Probing the physics of star formation (ProPStar): I. First resolved maps of the electron fraction and cosmic-ray ionization rate in NGC 1333
• Dust hot spots at 10 au scales around the Class 0 binary IRAS 16293-2422 A: a departure from the passive irradiation model
• CH${}_3$CN deuteration in the SVS13-A Class I hot-corino. SOLIS XV
• Triple spiral arms of a triple protostar system imaged in molecular lines
• Streamers feeding the SVS13-A protobinary system: astrochemistry reveals accretion shocks?
• PRODIGE -- Envelope to Disk with NOEMA III. The origin of complex organic molecule emission in SVS13A
• Resolved Gas Temperatures and 12C/13C ratios in SVS13A from ALMA Observations of CH3CN and CH3-13-CN
• An unusual reservoir of water emission in the VV CrA A protoplanetary disk
• The Effelsberg survey of FU Orionis and EX Lupi objects I. -- Host environments of FUors/EXors traced by NH${}_3$
• The factors that influence protostellar multiplicity I: Gas temperature, density, and mass in Perseus with Nobeyama
• Bowshocks driven by the pole-on molecular jet of outbursting protostar SVS 13
• The Effelsberg survey of FU~Orionis and EX~Lupi objects II. -- H${}_2$O maser observations
• An Eccentric Massive Protobinary Assembled via a Core-merger Parabolic Encounter