Net-proton number kurtosis and skewness in nuclear collisions: Influence of deuteron formation

Abstract

We explore the influence of deuteron formation in the late stage of nucleus-nucleus reactions on the fluctuations observed in the final net-proton yields around midrapidity. At each investigated energy, the produced (anti-)proton yield at chemical freeze-out is assumed to fluctuate according to a Poisson distribution and in each event the probability for deuteron formation by coalescence is proportional to $(d{N}_{\mathrm{proton}}/dy{)}^2$. The protons that are then clustered in deuterons are usually not included in the experimental measurement of the net-proton fluctuations, therefore, we subtract these clustered protons from the final state proton number for the calculation of the net-proton fluctuations (the same is done in the anti-proton sector). Due to the non-linear deuteron formation probability the resulting distribution is not a Skellam distribution, but shows the interesting feature of a decrease in the kurtosis $\kappa {\sigma }^2$ and a local maximum in the skewness $S\sigma$ observables as the collision energy decreases.

5 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (5)

• Probing freeze-out conditions in heavy ion collisions with moments of charge fluctuations
• Phase transition dynamics for baryon-dense matter
• Density fluctuations in the presence of spinodal instabilities
• Local Efficiency Corrections to Higher Order Cumulants
• Effects of global charge conservation on time evolution of cumulants of conserved charges in relativistic heavy ion collisions

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