Experimental realization of a two-dimensional synthetic spin-orbit coupling in ultracold Fermi gases

Abstract

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is central to many physical phenomena, including fine structures of atomic spectra and quantum topological matters. Whereas SOC is in general fixed in a physical system, atom-laser interaction provides physicists a unique means to create and control synthetic SOC for ultracold atoms \cite{Dalibard}. Though significant experimental progresses have been made, a bottleneck in current studies is the lack of a two-dimensional (2D) synthetic SOC, which is crucial for realizing high-dimensional topological matters. Here, we report the experimental realization of 2D SOC in ultracold ${}^{40}$K Fermi gases using three lasers, each of which dresses one atomic hyperfine spin state. Through spin injection radio-frequency (rf) spectroscopy, we probe the spin-resolved energy dispersions of dressed atoms, and observe a highly controllable Dirac point created by the 2D SOC. Our work paves the way for exploring high-dimensional topological matters in ultracold atoms using Raman schemes.

4 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (28)

• Experimental realisation of the topological Haldane model
• A spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Artificial gauge potentials for neutral atoms
• Realization of the Hofstadter Hamiltonian with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
• Realizing the Harper Hamiltonian with Laser-Assisted Tunneling in Optical Lattices
• Creating, moving and merging Dirac points with a Fermi gas in a tunable honeycomb lattice
• Spin-Orbit Coupled Degenerate Fermi Gases
• Spin-Injection Spectroscopy of a Spin-Orbit Coupled Fermi Gas
• Collective Dipole Oscillation of a Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Non-Abelian gauge potentials for ultra-cold atoms with degenerate dark states
• Observation of Zitterbewegung in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Mean-field Dynamics of Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Realistic Rashba and Dressehaus spin-orbit coupling for neutral atoms
• Probing anisotropic superfluidity of rashbons in atomic Fermi gases
• Observing Zitterbewegung in Ultracold Atoms
• Spin-Orbit Coupled Fermi Gases across a Feshbach Resonance
• Magnetically generated spin-orbit coupling for ultracold atoms
• Tunable Landau-Zener transitions in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• A Raman-induced Feshbach resonance in an effectively single-component Fermi gas
• Generalized Rashba spin-orbit coupling for cold atoms
• Probing non-Abelian statistics of Majorana fermions in ultracold atomic superfluid
• How does a synthetic non-Abelian gauge field influence the bound states of two spin-$\half$ fermions?
• Non-equilibrium spin dynamics in a trapped Fermi gas with effective spin-orbit interaction
• Atomic spin-orbit coupling synthesized with magnetic-field-gradient pulses
• Double and negative reflection of cold atoms in non-Abelian gauge potentials
• Jahn-Teller induced Berry phase in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• Spin-orbit coupling and perpendicular Zeeman field for fermionic cold atoms: observation of the intrinsic anomalous Hall effect
• Dynamical Detection of Topological Phase Transitions in Short-Lived Atomic Systems

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