Chiral Dynamics of Ultracold Atoms under a Tunable SU(2) Synthetic Gauge Field

Abstract

Surface currents emerge in superconductors exposed to magnetic fields, and are a key signature of the Meissner effect. Analogously, chiral dynamics were observed in quantum simulators under synthetic Abelian gauge fields. The flexible control of these simulators also facilitates the engineering of non-Abelian gauge fields, but their impact on the chiral dynamics remains elusive. Here, by employing the cutting-edge momentum-lattice technique, we implement a synthetic SU(2) gauge field in a spinful 1D ladder and study the rich chiral dynamics therein. We confirm the non-Abelian nature of the synthetic potential by observing the non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm effect on a single plaquette. More importantly, the chiral current along the two legs of the ladder is observed to be spin-dependent and highly tunable through the parameters of the gauge potential. We experimentally map out different dynamic regimes of the chiral current, and reveal the underlying competition between overlaying flux ladders with distinct spin compositions. Our experiment demonstrates the dramatic impact of non-Abelian gauge fields on the system dynamics, paving the way for future studies of exotic synthetic gauge fields on the versatile platform of momentum lattices.

6 pages, 4 figures

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Cited by in corpus (11)

• Non-Abelian lattice gauge fields in the photonic synthetic frequency dimension
• A comprehensive review on developments of synthetic dimensions
• Realization of strongly-interacting Meissner phases in large bosonic flux ladders
• Fibonacci-Modulation-Induced Multiple Topological Anderson Insulators
• Implementing non-Abelian Hatano-Nelson model in electric circuits
• Observation of nonlinear higher-order topological insulators with unconventional boundary truncations
• Interaction-induced chiral-transport inversion
• Topological quantum electrodynamics in synthetic non-Abelian gauge fields
• Mesoscopic scattering dynamics under generic uniform SU(2) gauge fields: Spin-momentum relaxation and coherent backscattering
• Dynamics of interacting bosons in a two-leg ring ladder with artificial magnetic flux and ac-driven modulations
• Experimental Proposal on Non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm Caging Effect with a Single Trapped Ion