Gain/loss effects on spin-orbit coupled ultracold atoms in two-dimensional optical lattices
arXiv:2201.01216 · doi:10.1007/s11433-022-1898-7
Abstract
Due to the fundamental position of spin-orbit coupled ultracold atoms in the simulation of topological insulators, the gain/loss effects on these systems should be evaluated when considering the measurement or the coupling to the environment. Here, incorporating the mature gain/loss techniques into the experimentally realized spin-orbit coupled ultracold atoms in two-dimensional optical lattices, we investigate the corresponding non-Hermitian tight-binding model and evaluate the gain/loss effects on various properties of the system, revealing the interplay of the non-Hermiticity and the spin-orbit coupling. Under periodic boundary conditions, we analytically obtain the topological phase diagram, which undergoes a non-Hermitian gapless interval instead of a point that the Hermitian counterpart encounters for a topological phase transition. We also unveil that the band inversion is just a necessary but not sufficient condition for a topological phase in two-level spin-orbit coupled non-Hermitian systems. Because the nodal loops of the upper or lower two dressed bands of the Hermitian counterpart can be split into exceptional loops in this non-Hermitian model, a gauge-independent Wilson-loop method is developed for numerically calculating the Chern number of multiple degenerate complex bands. Under open boundary conditions, we find that the conventional bulk-boundary correspondence does not break down with only on-site gain/loss due to the lack of non-Hermitian skin effect, but the dissipation of chiral edge states depends on the boundary selection, which may be used in the control of edge-state dynamics. Given the technical accessibility of state-dependent atom loss, this model could be realized in current cold-atom experiments.
arXiv comment6+4 pages,3 figures; version close to the published
References in corpus (49)
- Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
- Quantum Spin Hall Effect and Topological Phase Transition in HgTe Quantum Wells
- Real Spectra in Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians Having PT Symmetry
- Nonreciprocal light transmission in parity-time-symmetric whispering-gallery microcavities
- Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices: mimicking condensed matter physics and beyond
- A spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
- Exceptional Topology of Non-Hermitian Systems
- Non-Hermitian Physics
- Chern Numbers in Discretized Brillouin Zone: Efficient Method of Computing (Spin) Hall Conductances
- Biorthogonal Bulk-Boundary Correspondence in Non-Hermitian Systems
- Topological Band Theory for Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians
- Anomalous edge state in a non-Hermitian lattice
- Correspondence between winding numbers and skin modes in non-hermitian systems
- Non-Hermitian Chern bands
- Observation of bulk boundary correspondence breakdown in topolectrical circuits
- Non-Hermitian Boundary Modes
- Observation of non-Hermitian bulk-boundary correspondence in quantum dynamics
- Efficient Light Funneling based on the non-Hermitian Skin Effect
- Non-Hermitian robust edge states in one-dimension: Anomalous localization and eigenspace condensation at exceptional points
- Edge Modes, Degeneracies, and Topological Numbers in Non-Hermitian Systems
- Realization of Two-Dimensional Spin-orbit Coupling for Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Probing topological invariants in the bulk of a non-Hermitian optical system
- Degenerate Quantum Gases with Spin-Orbit Coupling
- Observation of non-Hermitian topology and its bulk-edge correspondence in an active mechanical metamaterial
- Observation of parity-time symmetry breaking transitions in a dissipative Floquet system of ultracold atoms
- Selective enhancement of topologically induced interface states in a dielectric resonator chain
- Weyl Exceptional Rings in a Three-Dimensional Dissipative Cold Atomic Gas
- Non-reciprocal robotic metamaterials
- Non-Hermitian Topological Invariants in Real Space
- Experimental realization of a two-dimensional synthetic spin-orbit coupling in ultracold Fermi gases
- Topological phase transition in non-Hermitian quasicrystals
- Observation of parity-time symmetry breaking in a single spin system
- Reciprocal skin effect and its realization in a topolectrical circuit
- Bulk-Boundary Correspondence in a Non-Hermitian System in One Dimension with Chiral-Inversion Symmetry
- Geometrical meaning of winding number and its characterization of topological phases in one-dimensional chiral non-Hermitian systems
- Interplay of non-Hermitian skin effects and Anderson localization in non-reciprocal quasiperiodic lattices
- Topological quantum matter with cold atoms
- Tunable non-reciprocal quantum transport through a dissipative Aharonov-Bohm ring in ultracold atoms
- Topological Phases in Non-Hermitian Aubry-André-Harper Models
- Experimental observation of a topological band gap opening in ultracold Fermi gases with two-dimensional spin-orbit coupling
- Exact mobility edges, -symmetry breaking and skin effect in one-dimensional non-Hermitian quasicrystals
- Non-Hermitian Topological Anderson Insulators
- High Controllable and Robust 2D Spin-Orbit Coupling for Quantum Gases
- Localization and topological transitions in non-Hermitian quasiperiodic lattices
- Observation of non-Hermitian topology with non-unitary dynamics of solid-state spins
- Engineering tunable local loss in a synthetic lattice of momentum states
- Exact Mobility Edges and Topological Phase Transition in Two-Dimensional non-Hermitian Quasicrystals
- Non-Hermitian topological phase transitions for quantum spin Hall insulators
- Nodal Brillouin Zone Boundary from Folding a Chern Insulator