Hyperpolarized Nanodiamond with Long Spin Relaxation Times

Abstract

The use of hyperpolarized agents in magnetic resonance (MR), such as 13C-labeled compounds, enables powerful new imaging and detection modalities that stem from a 10,000-fold boost in signal. A major challenge for the future of the hyperpolarizaton technique is the inherently short spin relaxation times, typically < 60 seconds for 13C liquid-state compounds, which limit the time that the signal remains boosted. Here, we demonstrate that 1.1% natural abundance 13C spins in synthetic nanodiamond (ND) can be hyperpolarized at cryogenic and room temperature without the use of toxic free- radicals, and, owing to their solid-state environment, exhibit relaxation times exceeding 1 hour. Combined with the already established applications of NDs in the life-sciences as inexpensive fluorescent markers and non-cytotoxic substrates for gene and drug delivery, these results extend the theranostic capabilities of nanoscale diamonds into the domain of hyperpolarized MR.

Supplemental Material available on request

References in corpus (8)

• Nanoscale NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging of Multiple Nuclear Species
• Proton magnetic resonance imaging with a nitrogen-vacancy spin sensor
• Scanning probe microscopy with chemical contrast by nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance
• Local and bulk 13C hyperpolarization in NV-centered diamonds at variable fields and orientations
• Optical polarization of nuclear ensembles in diamond
• Ultrafast electronic read-out of diamond NV centers coupled to graphene
• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Ultrananocrystalline Diamonds
• Room-Temperature in situ Nuclear Spin Hyperpolarization from Optically-Pumped Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond

Cited by in corpus (22)

• Optimal metrology with programmable quantum sensors
• Pulsed polarisation for robust DNP
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• Optically induced dynamic nuclear spin polarisation in diamond
• Quantum probe hyperpolarisation of molecular nuclear spins
• Optical hyperpolarization of 13C nuclear spins in nanodiamond ensembles
• Hyperpolarized relaxometry based nuclear T1 noise spectroscopy in hybrid diamond quantum registers
• High-Field Magnetometry with Hyperpolarized Nuclear Spins
• 13C dynamic nuclear polarization in diamond via a microwave-free 'integrated' cross effect
• Large Room Temperature Bulk DNP of ${}^{13}$C via P1 Centers in Diamond
• Optically-pumped dynamic nuclear hyperpolarization in ${}^{13}$C enriched diamond
• Tailored nanodiamonds for hyperpolarized 13C MRI
• Rapidly enhanced spin polarization injection in an optically pumped spin ratchet
• Active spin lattice hyperpolarization: Application to hexagonal boron nitride color centers
• Chemisorption of water on the surface of silicon microparticles measured by DNP-enhanced NMR
• Enhancement of nuclear spin coherence times by driving dynamic nuclear polarization at defect centers in solids
• Driven dynamics of a quantum dot electron spin coupled to bath of higher-spin nuclei
• Optical dynamic nuclear polarization of ${}^{13}$C spins in diamond at a low field with multi-tone microwave irradiation
• Biasing quantum trajectories for enhanced sensing
• Sensing of single nuclear spins in random thermal motion with proximate nitrogen-vacancy centers
• Nanodiamond-enhanced MRI
• Robust Dynamical Decoupling for the Manipulation of a Spin Network via a Single Spin