First Infrared-based implications for the dust attenuation and star formation of typical Ly$\alpha$ emitters

Abstract

By stacking publicly available deep Spitzer/MIPS 24 $\mu$m and Herschel/PACS images for 213 $z\simeq 2.18$ Ly$\alpha$ Emitters (LAEs) in GOODS-South, we obtain a strong upper limit to the IR luminosity of typical LAEs and discuss their attenuation curve for the first time. The $3\sigma$ upper limit $L_{\mathrm{TIR}}^{3\sigma }=1.1\times 10^{10}{L}_{\odot }$, determined from the MIPS data providing the lowest limit, gives $IRX\equiv L_{\mathrm{TIR}}/L_{\mathrm{UV}}\le 2.2$. Here we assume that the local calibration between the 8 $\mu$m emission and the dust SED shape and metallicity applies at high redshifts and that our LAEs have low metallicities as suggested by previous studies. The inferred escape fractions of Ly$\alpha$, $16$--$37$, and UV continuum, $\ge 44$, are higher than the cosmic averages at the same epoch. The SMC attenuation curve is consistent with the IRX and the UV slope $\beta =-1.4_{-0.2}^{+0.2}$ of our stacked LAE, while the Meurer's relation (Calzetti curve) predicts a 3.8 times higher IRX; we also discuss the validity of PACS-based $L_{\mathrm{TIR}}^{3\sigma }$ allowing the Meurer's relation. SED fitting using the Calzetti curve also gives a $\sim 10$ times higher SFR than from the $L_{\mathrm{TIR}}^{3\sigma }$ and $L_{\mathrm{UV}}$. With $M_{\star }=6.3_{-2.0}^{+0.8}\times 10^8{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$, our LAEs lie on a lower-mass extrapolation of the star formation main sequence at $z\sim 2$, suggesting that the majority of $z\sim 2$ LAEs are mildly star forming with relatively old ages of $\sim 200$ Myr. The faint $L_{\mathrm{TIR}}^{3\sigma }$ implies that LAEs contribute little to the faint ($\gtrsim 100\mu$Jy) submm number counts by ALMA.

arXiv comment7 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJL (added some discussions and then removed the conclusion section)

References in corpus (47)

• Star Formation in Galaxies Along the Hubble Sequence
• The Dust Content and Opacity of Actively Star-Forming Galaxies
• CANDELS: The Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey
• CANDELS: The Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey - The Hubble Space Telescope Observations, Imaging Data Products and Mosaics
• The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey: Initial Results From Optical and Near-Infrared Imaging
• Multiwavelength study of massive galaxies at z~2. I. Star formation and galaxy growth
• A Highly Consistent Framework for the Evolution of the Star-Forming "Main Sequence" from z~0-6
• Dust Absorption And The Ultraviolet Luminosity Density At z \approx 3 As Calibrated By Local Starburst Galaxies
• GOODS-Herschel: an infrared main sequence for star-forming galaxies
• Interpreting the Cosmic Infrared Background: Constraints on the Evolution of the Dust Enshrouded Star Formation Rate
• 3D-HST WFC3-selected Photometric Catalogs in the Five CANDELS/3D-HST Fields: Photometry, Photometric Redshifts and Stellar Masses
• The lesser role of starbursts for star formation at z=2
• 3D-HST: A wide-field grism spectroscopic survey with the Hubble Space Telescope
• The Chandra Deep Field-South Survey: 4 Ms Source Catalogs
• PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP) - A Herschel Key Program
• The deepest Herschel-PACS far-infrared survey: number counts and infrared luminosity functions from combined PEP/GOODS-H observations
• Ionization State of Inter-Stellar Medium in Galaxies: Evolution, SFR-M_star-Z Dependence, and Ionizing Photon Escape
• Evolution of the dusty infrared luminosity function from z=0 to z=2.3 using observations from Spitzer
• Infared Observations of Nebular Emission Lines from Galaxies at z = 3
• Star Formation and Extinction in Redshift z~2 Galaxies: Inferences from Spitzer MIPS Observations
• Star formation and mass assembly in high redshift galaxies
• On the redshift-evolution of the Lyman-alpha escape fraction and the dust content of galaxies
• The Multiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC): Deep Medium-Band optical imaging and high quality 32-band photometric redshifts in the ECDF-S
• GOODS-Herschel Measurements of the Dust Attenuation of Typical Star-Forming Galaxies at High Redshift: Observations of UV-Selected Galaxies at z~2
• An Intensely Star-Forming Galaxy at z~7 with Low Dust and Metal Content Revealed by Deep ALMA and HST Observations
• Dust Spectral Energy Distributions of Nearby Galaxies: an Insight from the Herschel Reference Survey
• On the redshift evolution (0 < z < 4) of dust attenuation and of the total (UV+IR) star formation rate density
• Stellar Populations of Lyman Alpha Emitters at z~6-7: Constraints on the Escape Fraction of Ionizing Photons from Galaxy Building Blocks
• Deep U band and R imaging of GOODS-South: Observations,data reduction and first results
• Dust Attenuation in UV-selected Starbursts at High Redshift and their Local Counterparts: Implications for the Cosmic Star Formation Rate Density
• A Refined Estimate of the Ionizing Emissivity from Galaxies at z~3: Spectroscopic Follow-up in the SSA22a Field
• The VLA 1.4GHz Survey of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Second Data Release
• Average Metallicity and Star Formation Rate of Lya Emitters Probed by a Triple Narrow-Band Survey
• GMASS ultradeep spectroscopy of galaxies at z~2 - VII. Sample selection and spectroscopy
• Ly-alpha Emitting Galaxies at z = 2.1: Stellar Masses, Dust and Star Formation Histories from Spectral Energy Distribution Fitting
• The SIMPLE survey: observations, reduction, and catalog
• Reexamination of the Infrared Excess-Ultraviolet Slope Relation of Local Galaxies
• GaBoDS: The Garching-Bonn Deep Survey V. Data release of the ESO Deep-Public-Survey
• Faint Submillimeter Galaxies Revealed by Multifield Deep ALMA Observations: Number Counts, Spatial Clustering, and A Dark Submillimeter Line Emitter
• Spectral Energy Distribution Fitting of HETDEX Pilot Survey Lyman-alpha Emitters in COSMOS and GOODS-N
• Physical and morphological properties of z~3 LBGs: dependence on Lyalpha line emission
• The Far-Infrared, UV and Molecular Gas Relation in Galaxies up to z=2.5
• Star formation histories, extinction, and dust properties of strongly lensed z~1.5-3 star-forming galaxies from the Herschel Lensing Survey
• To Stack or Not to Stack: Spectral Energy Distribution Properties of Lya-Emitting Galaxies at z=2.1
• Constraining the Lyman Alpha Escape Fraction with Far-Infrared Observations of Lyman Alpha Emitters
• PACS-Herschel FIR detections of Lyman-alpha emitters at 2.0<z<3.5
• The Dynamical Masses, Densities, and Star Formation Scaling Relations of Lyman Alpha Galaxies

Cited by in corpus (21)

• "Big Three Dragons": a z = 7.15 Lyman BreakGalaxy Detected in [OIII] 88 $\mu$m, [CII] 158 $\mu$m, and Dust Continuum with ALMA
• Bright and Faint Ends of Ly$\alpha$ Luminosity Functions at $\text{z}=2$ Determined by the Subaru Survey: Implications for AGN, Magnification Bias, and ISM HI Evolution
• A Hard Ionizing Spectrum in z=3-4 Ly-alpha Emitters with Intense [OIII] Emission: Analogs of Galaxies in the Reionization Era?
• A Close Comparison between Observed and Modeled Lyα Lines for z ~ 2.2 Lyman Alpha Emitters
• The CALYMHA survey: Ly$\alpha$ escape fraction and its dependence on galaxy properties at $z=2.23$
• The nature of luminous Lyman-alpha emitters at z~2-3: maximal dust-poor starbursts and highly ionising AGN
• On the UV compactness and morphologies of typical Lyman-a emitters from z~2 to z~6
• HST Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: Comparing Physical Properties of Lyman Alpha and Optical Emission Line Selected Galaxies
• SILVERRUSH. II. First Catalogs and Properties of ~2,000 Lya Emitters and Blobs at z~6-7 Identified over the 14-21 deg2 Sky
• The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey: Ly$\alpha$ Emission and Stellar Populations of Star-Forming Galaxies at 2<z<2.5
• The Stellar Mass, Star Formation Rate and Dark Matter Halo Properties of LAEs at $z\sim 2$
• Environmental Dependence of Galactic Properties Traced by Ly$\alpha$ Forest Absorption: Diversity among Galaxy Populations
• Lyman-Alpha Emitter Galaxies at z ~ 2.8 in the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South: I. Tracing the Large-Scale Structure via Lyman-Alpha Imaging
• Ly$\alpha$ Emitters with Very Large Ly$\alpha$ Equivalent Widths, EW${}_0$(Ly$\alpha$) $\simeq 200-400$ Å, at $z\sim 2$
• The dominant origin of diffuse Ly$\alpha$ halos around LAEs explored by SED fitting and clustering analysis
• Catch Me if You Can: Biased Distribution of Ly$\alpha$-emitting Galaxies according to the Viewing Direction
• Interrelation of the environment of Ly$\alpha$ emitters and massive galaxies at $2<z<4.5$
• Trident: A three-pronged galaxy survey. I. Lyman alpha emitting galaxies at z~2 in GOODS North
• Observations of Ly$\alpha$ Emitters at High Redshift
• The Role of Dust, UV Luminosity and Large-scale Environment on the Escape of Lya Photons: A Case Study of a Protocluster field at z = 3.1
• Far-infrared observations of dust in Ly$\alpha$ emitters at z=2-6