Distinguishing bulk and surface electron-phonon coupling in the topological insulator Bi2Se3 using time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Abstract

We report time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements on the topological insulator Bi2Se3. We observe oscillatory modulations of the electronic structure of both the bulk and surface states at a frequency of 2.23 THz due to coherent excitation of an A1g phonon mode. A distinct, additional frequency of 2.05 THz is observed in the surface state only. The lower phonon frequency at the surface is attributed to the termination of the crystal and thus reduction of interlayer van der Waals forces, which serve as restorative forces for out-of-plane lattice distortions. DFT calculations quantitatively reproduce the magnitude of the surface phonon softening. These results represent the first band-resolved evidence of the A1g phonon mode coupling to the surface state in a topological insulator.

References in corpus (30)

• Quantum ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials
• Topological insulators and superconductors
• Topological Insulators in Three Dimensions
• Discovery (theoretical prediction and experimental observation) of a large-gap topological-insulator class with spin-polarized single-Dirac-cone on the surface
• First observation of Spin-Momentum Helical Locking in Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3, demonstration of Topological-Order at 300K and a realization of topological-transport-regime
• First direct observation of Spin-textures in Topological Insulators : Spin-resolved ARPES as a probe of topological quantum spin Hall effect and Berry's phase
• Topological Surface States Protected From Backscattering by Chiral Spin Texture
• Experimental demonstration of the topological surface states protected by the time-reversal symmetry
• Bulk Fermi surface coexistence with Dirac surface state in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$: a comparison of photoemission and Shubnikov-de Haas measurements
• Strong surface scattering in ultrahigh mobility Bi2Se3 topological insulator crystals
• Ultrafast Optical Excitation of a Persistent Surface-State Population in the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3
• Measurement of intrinsic Dirac fermion cooling on the surface of a topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Ultrafast surface carrier dynamics in the topological insulator Bi2Te3
• Measurement of an Exceptionally Weak Electron-Phonon Coupling on the Surface of the Topological Insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ Using Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
• Direct Optical Coupling to an Unoccupied Dirac Surface State in the Topological Insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Electron-phonon Coupling on the Surface of the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3: Determined from Surface Phonon Dispersion Measurements
• Ultrafast carrier and phonon dynamics in Bi2Se3 crystals
• Spatially resolved femtosecond pump-probe study of topological insulator Bi2Se3
• Ultrafast carrier dynamics in thin-films of the topological insulator Bi2Se3
• Stability of the Bi2Se3(111) topological state: electron-phonon and -defect scattering
• Ultrafast photodoping and effective Fermi-Dirac distribution of the Dirac particles in Bi2Se3
• Interaction of Phonons and Dirac Fermions on the Surface of Bi2Se3: A Strong Kohn Anomaly
• Temperature dependence of Raman-active optical phonons in Bi_2Se_3 and Sb_2Te_3
• Ultrafast Electron Dynamics in the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3 Studied by Time-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
• Anomalous dressing of Dirac fermions in the topological surface state of Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3, and CuxBi2Se3
• Fingerprints of Inelastic Transport at the Surface of the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3: Role of Electron-Phonon Coupling
• Evidence of reduced surface electron-phonon scattering in the conduction band of Bi_{2}Se_{3} by non-equilibrium ARPES
• Electron propagation from a photo-excited surface: implications for time-resolved photoemission
• Principles of crystal growth of intermetallic and oxide compounds from molten solutions
• Connecting electron and phonon spectroscopy data to consistently determine quasiparticle-phonon coupling on the surface of topological insulators

Cited by in corpus (62)

• Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and its application to topological materials
• Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Studies of Quantum Materials
• New Developments in Laser-Based Photoemission Spectroscopy and its Scientific Applications: a Key Issues Review
• Spin-Polarized Surface Resonances Accompanying Topological Surface State Formation
• Unraveling photoinduced spin dynamics in topological insulator Bi2Se3
• Ultrafast spin polarization control of Dirac fermions in topological insulators
• High-Resolution Faraday Rotation and Electron-Phonon Coupling in Surface States of the Bulk-Insulating Topological Insulator Cu${}_{0.02}$Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Momentum resolved spin dynamics of bulk and surface excited states in the topological insulator $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{i}}_2\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{e}}_3$
• Surface vibrational modes of the topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ observed by Raman spectroscopy
• Measurement of Topological Order based on Metric-Curvature Correspondence
• Electron-Phonon Coupling and Surface Debye Temperature of Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$(111) from Helium Atom Scattering
• Theoretical Understanding of Photon Spectroscopies in Correlated Materials In and Out of Equilibrium
• Anomalous Acoustic Plasmon Mode from Topologically Protected States
• Sub-picosecond spin dynamics of excited states in the topological insulator Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Observation of Chiral Surface Excitons in a Topological Insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Clarifying ultrafast carrier dynamics in ultrathin films of the topological insulator Bi2Se3 using transient absorption spectroscopy
• Mode-selective coupling of coherent phonons to the Bi2212 electronic band structure
• Weakly Interacting Topological Insulators: Quantum Criticality and Renormalization Group Approach
• Nanoscale Surface Dynamics of Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$(111): Observation of a Prominent Surface Acoustic Wave and the Role of van der Waals Interactions
• Plasmon-enhanced electron-phonon coupling in Dirac surface states of the thin-film topological insulator Bi2Se3
• A time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with probe photon energy up to 6.7 eV
• Accessing the spectral function of in operando devices by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Polarization dependence of coherent phonon generation and detection in the 3D topological insulator Bi2Te3
• Surface Phonons in the Topological Insulators Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3
• THz Surface Modes and Electron-Phonon Coupling in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$(111)
• Thickness-Dependent Coherent Phonon Frequency in Ultrathin FeSe/SrTiO${}_3$ Films
• Time-resolved ARPES on cuprates: Tracking the low-energy electrodynamics in the time domain
• Ultrafast Switching from the Charge Density Wave Phase to a Metastable Metallic State in 1T-TiSe${}_2$
• Ultrafast carrier-lattice interactions and interlayer modulations of Bi2Se3 by X-ray free electron laser diffraction
• Dynamical properties of magnetic topological insulator $T$Bi${}_2$Te${}_4$ ($T=$Mn, Fe): phonons dispersion, Raman active modes, and chiral phonons study
• A supervised learning algorithm for interacting topological insulators based on local curvature
• Observation of antiphase coherent phonons in the warped Dirac cone of Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Femtosecond study of A1g phonons in the strong 3D topological insulators: From pump-probe to coherent control
• Investigation of the Non-equilibrium State of Strongly Correlated Materials by Complementary Ultrafast Spectroscopy Techniques
• Nanoscale Determination of the Mass Enhancement Factor in the Lightly-Doped Bulk Insulator Lead Selenide
• Impact of ultrafast transport on the high-energy states of a photoexcited topological insulator
• Role of matrix elements in the time-resolved photoemission signal
• Influence of local symmetry on lattice dynamics coupled to topological surface states
• Ultrafast Evolution of Bulk, Surface and Surface Resonance States in Photoexcited Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Ultrafast Momentum-resolved Hot Electron Dynamics in the Two-dimensional Topological Insulator Bismuthene
• Coherent surface-to-bulk vibrational coupling in the 2D topologically trivial insulator Bi2Se3 monitored by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy
• Electron-phonon correlations on spin texture of gapped helical Dirac Fermions
• Phase diagram and phonon-induced backscattering in topological insulator nanowires
• Comment on 'Unraveling Photoinduced Spin Dynamics in the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3'
• Multiphoton-pumped UV-Vis transient absorption spectroscopy of 2D materials: basic concepts and recent applications
• Light-field dressing of transient photo-excited states above $E_F$
• Two-photon IR pumped UV-Vis transient absorption spectroscopy of Dirac fermions in the 2D and 3D topological insulator Bi2Se3
• Nanosecond dynamics in intrinsic topological insulator ${\text{Bi}}_{2-x}{\text{Sb}}_x{\text{Se}}_3$ revealed by time-resolved optical reflectivity
• The anomalous spin texture as the probe for interactions in $B{i}_{2-y}S{b}_{y}S{e}_{x}T{e}_{3-x}$
• Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy of 2D semiconductors: a review
• Ultrafast switching of topological invariants by light-driven strain
• Phonon and defect mediated quantum anomalous Hall insulator to metal transition in magnetically doped topological insulators
• Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with wavelength-tunable pump and extreme ultraviolet probe enabled by twin synchronized amplifiers
• Observation of Dirac Charge Density Waves in Bi${}_2$Te${}_2$Se
• Ultrafast scattering dynamics of coherent phonons in Bi${}_{1-x}$Sb${}_x$ in the Weyl semimetal phase
• Analysis methodology of coherent oscillations in time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Non-equilibrium States and Interactions in the Topological Insulator and Topological Crystalline Insulator Phases of NaCd4As3
• Interaction Approach to Anomalous Spin Texture in Warped Topological Insulators
• Ultrafast electron dynamics at the Dirac node of the topological insulator Sb${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Cyclotron Resonance in Topological Insulators: Non-Relativistic Effects
• Control of intervalley scattering in Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ via temperature-dependent band renormalization
• Tracking the surface atomic motion in a coherent phonon oscillation