YSOVAR: Mid-IR variability in the star forming region Lynds 1688

Abstract

The emission from young stellar objects (YSOs) in the mid-IR is dominated by the inner rim of their circumstellar disks. We present an IR-monitoring survey of about 800 objects in the direction of the Lynds 1688 (L1688) star forming region over four visibility windows spanning 1.6 years using the \emph{Spitzer} space telescope in its warm mission phase. Among all lightcurves, 57 sources are cluster members identified based on their spectral-energy distribution and X-ray emission. Almost all cluster members show significant variability. The amplitude of the variability is larger in more embedded YSOs. Ten out of 57 cluster members have periodic variations in the lightcurves with periods typically between three and seven days, but even for those sources, significant variability in addition to the periodic signal can be seen. No period is stable over 1.6 years. Non-periodic lightcurves often still show a preferred timescale of variability which is longer for more embedded sources. About half of all sources exhibit redder colors in a fainter state. This is compatible with time-variable absorption towards the YSO. The other half becomes bluer when fainter. These colors can only be explained with significant changes in the structure of the inner disk. No relation between mid-IR variability and stellar effective temperature or X-ray spectrum is found.

arXiv commentaccepted by ApJ, 24 pages, 17 figures

References in corpus (77)

• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• The Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) for the Spitzer Space Telescope
• The Spitzer Space Telescope Mission
• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS)
• Intrinsic Colors, Temperatures, and Bolometric Corrections of Pre-Main Sequence Stars
• The Spitzer c2d Legacy Results: Star Formation Rates and Efficiencies; Evolution and Lifetimes
• The VizieR database of Astronomical Catalogues
• The Wavelength Dependence of Interstellar Extinction from 1.25 to 8.0 microns Using GLIMPSE Data
• Interpreting Spectral Energy Distributions from Young Stellar Objects. I. A grid of 200,000 YSO model SEDs
• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey ZYJHK Photometric System: Passbands and Synthetic Colours
• A Spitzer Survey of Young Stellar Clusters within One Kiloparsec of the Sun: Cluster Core Extraction and Basic Structural Analysis
• Updated Atomic Data and Calculations for X-ray Spectroscopy
• From Molecular Cores to Planet-forming Disks: A SIRTF Legacy Program
• The WFCAM Science Archive
• X-ray astronomy of stellar coronae (Review)
• CSI 2264: Simultaneous optical and infrared light curves of young disk-bearing stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer-- evidence for multiple origins of variability
• Chandra Orion Ultradeep Project: Observations and Source Lists
• A Submillimeter View of Circumstellar Dust Disks in $\rho$ Ophiuchus
• Near-Infrared Photometric Variability of Stars Toward the Orion A Molecular Cloud
• Low-Mass Star Formation and the Initial Mass Function in the Rho Ophiuchi Cloud Core
• Unveiling the Structure of Pre-Transitional Disks
• YSOVAR: the first sensitive, wide-area, mid-IR photometric monitoring of the ONC
• Stellar Activity on the Young Suns of Orion: COUP Observations of K5-7 Pre-Main Sequence Stars
• Results of the ROTOR-program. I. The long-term photometric variability of classical T Tauri stars
• A Spitzer IRS Study of Infrared Variability in Transitional and Pre-Transitional Disks around T Tauri Stars
• The subcritical baroclinic instability in local accretion disc models
• Hipparcos distances of Ophiuchus and Lupus cloud complexes
• Exploring Brown Dwarf Disks in rho Oph
• Current Star Formation in the Ophiuchus and Perseus Molecular Clouds: Constraints and Comparisons from Unbiased Submillimeter and Mid-Infrared Surveys. II
• CSI 2264: Characterizing Accretion-Burst Dominated Light Curves for Young Stars in NGC 2264
• Overview of the Massive Young Star-Forming Complex Study in Infrared and X-ray (MYStIX) Project
• A Deep Chandra X-ray Spectrum of the Accreting Young Star TW Hydrae
• The nature of the Class I population in Ophiuchus as revealed through gas and dust mapping
• Rapid disappearance of a warm, dusty circumstellar disk
• Young Stellar Object Variability (YSOVAR): Long Timescale Variations in the Mid-Infrared
• Precision photometric monitoring of very low mass Sigma Orionis cluster members: variability and rotation at a few Myr
• The Spitzer c2d Survey of Large, Nearby, Interstellar Clouds: VII. Ophiuchus Observed with MIPS
• Explaining millimeter-sized particles in brown dwarf disks
• HST/NICMOS Imaging Survey of the Ophiuchus (Lynds 1688) Cluster
• The HD 163296 Circumstellar Disk in Scattered Light: Evidence of Time-Variable Self-Shadowing
• 3D MHD Simulations of Planet Migration in Turbulent Stratified Disks
• The Properties of X-ray Luminous Young Stellar Objects in the NGC 1333 and Serpens Embedded Clusters
• Photometric variability of the T Tauri star TW Hya on time scales of hours to years
• Near-Infrared Photometric Variability of Stars Toward the Chamaeleon I Molecular Cloud
• Disentangling the entangled: Observations and analysis of the triple non-coeval protostellar system VLA1623
• On the nature of the EXor accretion events: an unfrequent manifestation of a common phenomenology ?
• Rossby wave instability in locally isothermal and polytropic disks: three-dimensional linear calculations
• Near-Infrared properties of the X-ray emitting young stellar objects in the Carina Nebula
• The Initial Mass Function and Disk Frequency of the Rho Ophiuchi Cloud: An Extinction-Limited Sample
• MRI-driven Accretion on to Magnetized stars: Global 3D MHD Simulations of Magnetospheric and Boundary Layer Regimes
• How Variable is Accretion in Young Stars?
• Oscillations of MHD shock waves on the surfaces of T Tauri stars
• Deep near-IR variability survey of pre-main-sequence stars in Rho Ophiuchi
• The low-mass population of the Rho Ophiuchi molecular cloud
• The Chandra Carina Complex Project View of Trumpler 16
• Periodic and Aperoidic Variability in the Molecular Cloud ρOphiuchus
• Disk-Related Bursts and Fades in Young Stars
• Bayesian Matching for X-ray and Infrared Sources in the MYStIX Project
• YSOVAR: Six pre-main-sequence eclipsing binaries in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• The Peculiar Periodic YSO WL 4 in Rho Ophiuchus
• Where are the hot ion lines in classical T Tauri stars formed?
• Interpretation of the Veiling of the Photospheric Spectrum for T Tauri Stars in Terms of an Accretion Model
• Deep Near-Infrared Imaging of the rho Oph Cloud Core: Clues to the Origin of the Lowest-Mass Brown Dwarfs
• Kinks and Dents in Protoplanetary Disks: Rapid Infrared Variability as Evidence for Large Structural Perturbations
• Near-infrared Variability among YSOs in the Star Formation Region Cygnus OB7
• The absence of sub-minute periodicity in classical T Tauri stars
• Scattering from dust in molecular clouds: Constraining the dust grain size distribution through near-infrared cloudshine and infrared coreshine
• The Identification of 93 Day Periodic Photometric Variability for YSO YLW 16A
• Short Gas Dissipation Timescales: Diskless Stars in Taurus and Chamaeleon I
• IRAS 20050+2720: Anatomy of a young stellar cluster
• Potential Drivers of Mid-Infrared Variability in Young Stars: testing physical models with multi-epoch near-infrared spectra of YSOs in ρ Oph
• Accretion, winds and outflows in young stars
• On the nature of veiling of classical T Tauri stars spectra in the near-IR spectral band
• Variability and stellar populations with deep optical-IR images of the Milky Way disk: matching VVV with VLT/VIMOS data
• High Cadence Time-Series Photometry of V1647 Orionis
• Accretion, jets and winds: High-energy emission from young stellar objects
• Deep census of variable stars in a VLT/VIMOS field in Carina

Cited by in corpus (31)

• The Herschel Orion Protostar Survey: Spectral Energy Distributions and Fits Using a Grid of Protostellar Models
• A modular set of synthetic spectral energy distributions for young stellar objects
• Quantifying Variability of YSOs in the Mid-IR Over Six Years with NEOWISE
• UV variability and accretion dynamics in the young open cluster NGC 2264
• Dust Polarization Toward Embedded Protostars in Ophiuchus with ALMA. III. Survey Overview
• A continuum of accretion burst behavior in young stars observed by K2
• The Ultracool SpeXtroscopic Survey. I. Volume-Limited Spectroscopic Sample and Luminosity Function of M7$-$L5 Ultracool Dwarfs
• A Survey for New Stars and Brown Dwarfs in the Ophiuchus Star-forming Complex
• The Relationship between Mid-Infrared and Sub-Millimetre Variability of Deeply Embedded Protostars
• Using FUV to IR Variability to Probe the Star-Disk Connection in the Transitional Disk of GM Aur
• Multicolor Variability of Young Stars in the Lagoon Nebula: Driving Causes and Intrinsic Timescales
• Spitzer Observations of Long Term Infrared Variability Among Young Stellar Objects in Chamaeleon I
• A "Rosetta Stone" for protoplanetary disks: The synergy of multi-wavelength observations
• YSOVAR: mid-infrared variability of young stellar objects and their disks in the cluster IRAS 20050+2720
• A ZTF Look at Optical Variability of Young Stellar Objects in the North America and Pelican Nebulae Complex
• Persistent and occasional: searching for the variable population of the ZTF/4MOST sky using ZTF data release 11
• YSOVAR: Mid-infrared Variability Among YSOs in the Star Formation Region GGD 12-15
• ALMA Discovery of a Disk around the Planetary-mass Companion SR 12 c
• Optical dimming of RW Aur associated with an iron rich corona and exceptionally high absorbing column density
• $12660$ spotted stars toward the OGLE Galactic bulge fields
• A Mid-Infrared Study of Directly-Imaged Planetary-Mass Companions using Archival Spitzer/IRAC Images
• The nature of very low luminosity objects (VeLLOs)
• The Young Stellar Population of the metal-poor galaxy NGC 6822
• Photo-reverberation Mapping of a Protoplanetary Accretion Disk around a T Tauri Star
• Near-Infrared Variability of Low Mass Stars in IC 1396A and TR 37
• The young low-mass star ISO-Oph-50: Extreme variability induced by a clumpy, evolving circumstellar disk
• WISE Discovery of Mid-infrared Variability in Massive Young Stellar Objects
• Disc light variability in the FUor star V646 Puppis as observed by TESS and from the ground
• Time-dependent Monte Carlo continuum radiative transfer
• The Nature of Class I Sources: Periodic Variables in Orion
• Census of Variable Stars toward Serpens Main