Stellar tidal disruption candidates found by cross-correlating the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue and XMM-Newton observations

Abstract

We performed a systematic search for stellar tidal disruption events (TDE) by looking for X-ray sources that were detected during the ROSAT All Sky Survey and faded by more than an order of magnitude over the next two decades according to XMM-Newton serendipitous observations. Besides a number of highly variable persistent X-ray sources (like active galactic nuclei and cataclysmic variables), we found three sources that are broadly consistent with the TDE scenario: 1RXS J114727.1+494302, 1RXS J130547.2+641252, and 1RXS J235424.5-102053. A TDE association is also acceptable for the fourth source, 1RXS J112312.7+012858, but an AGN origin cannot be ruled out either. This statistics implies a TDE rate of $\sim 3\times 10^{-5}$ yr${}^{-1}$ per galaxy in the Universe within $z\sim 0.18$, which is broadly consistent with the estimates of the TDE rate in the more local Universe obtained previously.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 13 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables

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• The Second-Generation Guide Star Catalog: Description and Properties
• The XMM-Newton Serendipitous Survey. V. The Second XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogue
• eROSITA Science Book: Mapping the Structure of the Energetic Universe
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• Tidal Disruption Event Disks around Supermassive Black Holes: Disk Warp and Inclination Evolution
• eRASSt J074426.3+291606: prompt accretion disc formation in a 'faint and slow' tidal disruption event
• Mid-Infrared Outbursts in Nearby Galaxies: Nuclear Obscuration and Connections to Hidden Tidal Disruption Events and Changing-Look Active Galactic Nuclei
• Paving the way to simultaneous multi-wavelength astronomy
• The rate of extreme coronal line emitting galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and their relation to tidal disruption events
• Tidal disruption rates in non-spherical galactic nuclei formed by galaxy mergers
• The correlations of stellar tidal disruption rates with properties of massive black holes and their host galaxies
• Cosmic distributions of stellar tidal disruptions by massive black holes at galactic centers
• Early results in the search for extreme coronal line emitters with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
• Automatic detection of tidal disruption events and other long duration transients in XMM-Newton data