The correlations of stellar tidal disruption rates with properties of massive black holes and their host galaxies

Abstract

Stars can be either disrupted as tidal disruption events (TDEs) or swallowed as a whole by massive black holes (MBHs) at galactic centers when they approach sufficiently close to these MBHs. In this work, we investigate the correlations of such stellar consumption rates with both the MBH mass $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$ and the inner slope of the host galaxy mass density distribution $\alpha$. We introduce a simplified analytical power-law model with a power-law stellar mass density distribution surrounding MBHs and separate the contributions of two-body relaxation and stellar orbital precession for the stellar orbital angular momentum evolution in nonspherical galaxy potentials. The stellar consumption rates derived from this simplified model can be well consistent with the numerical results obtained with a more realistic treatment of stellar distributions and dynamics around MBHs, providing an efficient way to estimate TDE rates. The origin of the correlations of stellar consumption rates with $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$ and $\alpha$ are explained by the dependence of this analytical model on those MBH/host galaxy properties and by the separation of the stellar angular momentum evolution mechanisms. We propose that the strong positive correlation between the rates of stellar consumption due to two-body relaxation and $\alpha$ provides one interpretation for the overrepresentation of TDEs found in some rare E+A/poststarburst galaxies. We find high TDE rates for giant stars, up to those for solar-type stars. The understanding of the origin of the correlations of the stellar consumption rates will be necessary for obtaining the demographics of MBHs and their host galaxies via TDEs.

arXiv comment17 pages, 6 figures, ApJ in press

References in corpus (52)

• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• A Relationship Between Nuclear Black Hole Mass and Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
• The slope of the black-hole mass versus velocity dispersion correlation
• The Zwicky Transient Facility: System Overview, Performance, and First Results
• Revisiting the Scaling Relations of Black Hole Masses and Host Galaxy Properties
• The Palomar Transient Factory: System Overview, Performance and First Results
• Exploring the Optical Transient Sky with the Palomar Transient Factory
• The Atlas3D project - XV. Benchmark for early-type galaxies scaling relations from 260 dynamical models: mass-to-light ratio, dark matter, Fundamental Plane and Mass Plane
• A Continuum of H- to He-Rich Tidal Disruption Candidates With a Preference for E+A Galaxies
• Tidal Disruption Events
• Evolution of massive binary black holes
• Rates of tidal disruption of stars by massive central black holes
• The Masses of Nuclear Black Holes in Luminous Elliptical Galaxies and Implications for the Space Density of the Most Massive Black Holes
• Resonant Relaxation in Stellar Systems
• Rates of Stellar Tidal Disruption as Probes of the Supermassive Black Hole Mass Function
• Revised Rates of Stellar Disruption in Galactic Nuclei
• Massive perturber-driven interactions of stars with a massive black hole
• Large-Amplitude X-ray Outbursts from Galactic Nuclei: A Systematic Survey Using ROSAT Archival Data
• Resonant relaxation near a massive black hole: the stellar distribution and gravitational wave sources
• The Superluminous Transient ASASSN-15lh as a Tidal Disruption Event from a Kerr Black Hole
• The Centers of Early-Type Galaxies with HST. VI. Bimodal Central Surface Brightness Profiles
• Tidal Disruption Events Prefer Unusual Host Galaxies
• Tidal disruption rate of stars by spinning supermassive black holes
• Evolution of tidal disruption candidates discovered by XMM-Newton
• Stellar Dynamics and Stellar Phenomena Near A Massive Black Hole
• On the mass and luminosity functions of tidal disruption flares: rate suppression due to black hole event horizons
• Tidal stellar disruptions by massive black hole pairs: II. Decaying binaries
• Measurement of the rate of stellar tidal disruption flares
• The Host Galaxies of Tidal Disruption Events
• Extreme Coronal Line Emitters: Tidal Disruption of Stars by Massive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei?
• A new Monte Carlo code for star cluster simulations: II. Central black hole and stellar collisions
• Tidal Disruption Event Host Galaxies in the Context of the Local Galaxy Population
• A Tidal Disruption Flare in Abell 1689 from an Archival X-ray Survey of Galaxy Clusters
• A dependence of the tidal disruption event rate on global stellar surface mass density and stellar velocity dispersion
• TDE Hosts are Green and Centrally Concentrated: Signatures of a Post-Merger System
• Multiple Tidal Disruptions as an Indicator of Binary Super-Massive Black Hole Systems
• Prompt Tidal Disruption of Stars as an Electromagnetic Signature of Supermassive Black Hole Coalescence
• Comparison of the X-ray emission from Tidal Disruption Events with those of Active Galactic Nuclei
• The ATLAS3D Project -- XXIII. Angular momentum and nuclear surface brightness profiles
• The Post-Starburst Evolution of Tidal Disruption Event Host Galaxies
• Dynamical evolution of cosmic supermassive binary black holes and their gravitational wave radiation
• Stellar tidal disruption candidates found by cross-correlating the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue and XMM-Newton observations
• Stellar Energy Relaxation around A Massive Black Hole
• Tidal Disruption Flares of Stars From Moderately Recoiled Black Holes
• Rates of capture of stars by supermassive black holes in non-spherical galactic nuclei
• The bulge masses of TDE host galaxies and their scaling with black hole mass
• ASASSN-15lh: a TDE about a maximally rotating $10^9{M}_{\odot }$ black hole
• Stellar collisions in galactic centers: black hole growth and color gradients
• Jetted Tidal Disruptions of Stars as a Flag of Intermediate Mass Black Holes at High Redshifts
• Effect of accreting tidally disrupted stars on the spin evolution of $\sim 10^6{M}_{\odot }$ black holes
• Cosmic distributions of stellar tidal disruptions by massive black holes at galactic centers

Cited by in corpus (2)

• An Explanation for Overrepresentation of Tidal Disruption Events in Post-starburst Galaxies
• Self-consistent Solutions of Evolving Nuclear Star Clusters with Two-Dimensional Monte-Carlo Dynamical Simulations