Detecting the spin-orbit misalignment of the super-Earth 55 Cnc e
arXiv:1406.6813 · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424266
Abstract
We present time-resolved spectroscopy of transits of the super-Earth 55 Cnc e using HARPS-N observations. We devised an empirical correction for the "color effect" affecting the radial velocity residuals from the Keplerian fit, which significantly improves their dispersion with respect to the HARPS-N pipeline standard data-reduction. Using our correction, we were able to detect the smallest Rossiter-McLaughlin anomaly amplitude of an exoplanet so far (~60 cm/s). The super-Earth 55 Cnc e is also the smallest exoplanet with a Rossiter-McLaughlin anomaly detection. We measured the sky-projected obliquity lambda = 72.4 (+12.7 -11.5 deg), indicating that the planet orbit is prograde, highly misaligned and nearly polar compared to the stellar equator. The entire 55 Cancri system may have been highly tilted by the presence of a stellar companion.
arXiv comment11 pages, 7 figures
References in corpus (51)
- Shrinking binary and planetary orbits by Kozai cycles with tidal friction
- Hot Stars with Hot Jupiters Have High Obliquities
- Obliquities of Hot Jupiter host stars: Evidence for tidal interactions and primordial misalignments
- The CORALIE survey for southern extra-solar planets VII. Two short-period Saturnian companions to HD108147 and HD168746
- Spin-orbit angle measurements for six southern transiting planets; New insights into the dynamical origins of hot Jupiters
- Measurement of Spin-Orbit Alignment in an Extrasolar Planetary System
- The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect and analytic radial velocity curves for transiting extrasolar planetary systems
- Radial velocity planets de-aliased. A new, short period for Super-Earth 55 Cnc e
- Stellar Spin-Orbit Misalignment in a Multiplanet System
- Binning is sinning: morphological light-curve distortions due to finite integration time
- A Super-Earth Transiting a Naked-Eye Star
- Five Planets Orbiting 55 Cancri
- On the tidal evolution of Hot Jupiters on inclined orbits
- HAT-P-7: A Retrograde or Polar Orbit, and a Third Body
- Alignment of the stellar spin with the orbits of a three-planet system
- Misaligned spin-orbit in the XO-3 planetary system?
- Detection of a transit of the super-Earth 55 Cnc e with Warm Spitzer
- Evolution of Spin Direction of Accreting Magnetic Protostars and Spin-Orbit Misalignment in Exoplanetary Systems
- Thermal Phase Variations of WASP-12b: Defying Predictions
- The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect of CoRoT-3b & HD189733b
- Consequences of the Ejection and Disruption of Giant Planets
- Rotation Periods, Variability Properties and Ages for Kepler Exoplanet Candidate Host Stars
- Asteroseismic determination of obliquities of the exoplanet systems Kepler-50 and Kepler-65
- The Oblique Orbit of the Super-Neptune HAT-P-11b
- Low stellar obliquities in compact multiplanet systems
- Hint of a transiting extended atmosphere on 55 Cancri b
- Detection of Thermal Emission from a Super-Earth
- Photometric and spectroscopic detection of the primary transit of the 111-day-period planet HD 80606 b
- The retrograde orbit of the HAT-P-6b exoplanet
- On the Spin-Orbit Misalignment of the XO-3 Exoplanetary System
- 55 Cancri: Stellar Astrophysical Parameters, a Planet in the Habitable Zone, and Implications for the Radius of a Transiting Super-Earth
- Planet-Planet Eclipse and the Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect of a Multiple Transiting System: Joint Analysis of the Subaru Spectroscopy and the Kepler Photometry
- Planetary detection limits taking into account stellar noise. II. Effect of stellar spot groups on radial-velocities
- Observation of the full 12-hour-long transit of the exoplanet HD80606b. Warm-Spitzer photometry and SOPHIE spectroscopy
- Improved precision on the radius of the nearby super-Earth 55 Cnc e
- What asteroseismology can do for exoplanets: Kepler-410A b is a Small Neptune around a bright star, in an eccentric orbit consistent with low obliquity
- Analytic Description of the Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect for Transiting Exoplanets: Cross-Correlation Method and Comparison with Simulated Data
- Spin-orbit misalignment in the HD80606 planetary system
- The Transit Ingress and the Tilted Orbit of the Extraordinarily Eccentric Exoplanet HD 80606b
- Spitzer/MIPS 24 micron Observations of HD 209458b: 3 eclipses, 2.5 transits, and a Phase Curve Corrupted by Instrumental Sensitivity Variations
- Measurements of Stellar Inclinations for Kepler Planet Candidates II: Candidate Spin-Orbit Misalignments in Single and Multiple-Transiting Systems
- Refined parameters and spectroscopic transit of the super-massive planet HD147506b
- The Impact of the Convective Blueshift Effect on Spectroscopic Planetary Transits
- Orbital evolution of a planet on an inclined orbit interacting with a disc
- Compact planetary systems perturbed by an inclined companion: II. Stellar spin-orbit evolution
- Revisiting rho 1 Cancri e: A New Mass Determination Of The Transiting super-Earth
- Spin-Orbit angle distribution and the origin of (mis)aligned hot Jupiters
- 55 Cancri: A Coplanar Planetary System that is Likely Misaligned with its Star
- The Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect of the Transiting Exoplanet XO-4b
- Further Observations of the Tilted Planet XO-3: A New Determination of Spin-Orbit Misalignment, and Limits on Differential Rotation
- A Search for wide visual companions of exoplanet host stars - The Calar Alto Survey
Cited by in corpus (36)
- State of the Field: Extreme Precision Radial Velocities
- High-cadence spectroscopy of M-dwarfs. I. Analysis of systematic effects in HARPS-N line profile measurements on the bright binary GJ 725A+B
- Measuring precise radial velocities on individual spectral lines. I. Validation of the method and application to mitigate stellar activity
- Stellar obliquities in exoplanetary systems
- Statistics of Long Period Gas Giant Planets in Known Planetary Systems
- The 55 Cnc system reassessed
- Hot Exoplanet Atmospheres Resolved with Transit Spectroscopy (HEARTS) III. Atmospheric structure of the misaligned ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b
- The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect in Exoplanet Research
- Ultra-short-period planets from secular chaos
- The GJ 504 system revisited. Combining interferometric, radial velocity, and high contrast imaging data
- Search for an exosphere in sodium and calcium in the transmission spectrum of exoplanet 55 Cancri e
- Spin-orbit alignment of exoplanet systems: ensemble analysis using asteroseismology
- DREAM I. Orbital architecture orrery
- Probability of CME Impact on Exoplanets Orbiting M Dwarfs and Solar-Like Stars
- The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect Revolutions: An ultra-short period planet and a warm mini-Neptune on perpendicular orbits
- The Oblique Orbit of WASP-107b from K2 Photometry
- RASSINE: Interactive tool for normalising stellar spectra I. Description and performance of the code
- Nearly Polar orbit of the sub-Neptune HD3167 c: Constraints on a multi-planet system dynamical history
- Lava Worlds: From Early Earth to Exoplanets
- A low stellar obliquity for WASP-47, a compact multiplanet system with a hot Jupiter and an ultra-short period planet
- Two Small Transiting Planets and a Possible Third Body Orbiting HD 106315
- DREAM II. The spin-orbit angle distribution of close-in exoplanets under the lens of tides
- Orbital misalignment of the super-Earth Men c with the spin of its star
- The polar orbit of the warm Neptune GJ436b seen with VLT/ESPRESSO
- The gravitational interaction between planets on inclined orbits and protoplanetary disks as the origin of primordial spin--orbit misalignments
- Activity induced variation in spin-orbit angles as derived from Rossiter-McLaughlin measurements
- Spin-orbit alignments for Three Transiting Hot Jupiters: WASP-103b, WASP-87b, & WASP-66b
- High-cadence spectroscopy of M-dwarfs - II. Searching for stellar pulsations with HARPS
- Characterization of the four new transiting planets KOI-188b, KOI-195b, KOI-192b, and KOI-830b
- Dispersed Matter Planet Project Discoveries of Ablating Planets Orbiting Nearby Bright Stars
- On the potentially dramatic history of the super-Earth rho 55 Cancri e
- Probing atmospheric escape through metastable He I triplet lines in 15 exoplanets observed with SPIRou
- Probable Spin-Orbit Aligned Super-Earth Planet Candidate KOI-2138.01
- Measured Spin-Orbit Alignment of Ultra-Short Period Super-Earth 55 Cancri e
- TOI-858 B b: A hot Jupiter on a polar orbit in a loose binary
- Hot Exoplanet Atmospheres Resolved with Transit Spectroscopy (HEARTS) VIII. Nondetection of sodium in the atmosphere of the aligned planet KELT-10b