The QCD equation of state in background magnetic fields

Abstract

We determine the equation of state of 2+1-flavor QCD with physical quark masses, in the presence of a constant (electro)magnetic background field on the lattice. To determine the free energy at nonzero magnetic fields we develop a new method, which is based on an integral over the quark masses up to asymptotically large values where the effect of the magnetic field can be neglected. The method is compared to other approaches in the literature and found to be advantageous for the determination of the equation of state up to large magnetic fields. Thermodynamic observables including the longitudinal and transverse pressure, magnetization, energy density, entropy density and interaction measure are presented for a wide range of temperatures and magnetic fields, and provided in ancillary files. The behavior of these observables confirms our previous result that the transition temperature is reduced by the magnetic field. We calculate the magnetic susceptibility and permeability, verifying that the thermal QCD medium is paramagnetic around and above the transition temperature, while we also find evidence for weak diamagnetism at low temperatures.

31 pages, 24 figures. v2: discussion about B- and Phi-schemes extended, references added, minor corrections in the text. Version to appear in JHEP

References in corpus (9)

• The order of the quantum chromodynamics transition predicted by the standard model of particle physics
• The QCD equation of state with dynamical quarks
• Equation of State of a Dense and Magnetized Fermion System
• Quark matter under strong magnetic fields in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Model
• The Importance of Asymptotic Freedom for the Pseudocritical Temperature in Magnetized Quark Matter
• Adler Function, Bjorken Sum Rule, and the Crewther Relation to Order alpha_s^4 in a General Gauge Theory
• Inverse magnetic catalysis in the (2+1)-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio and Polyakov--Nambu--Jona-Lasinio models
• Inverse magnetic catalysis for the chiral transition induced by thermo-magnetic effects on the coupling constant
• Thermodynamic properties of QCD in external magnetic fields

Cited by in corpus (87)

• Quantum field theory in a magnetic field: From quantum chromodynamics to graphene and Dirac semimetals
• Critical point in the phase diagram of primordial quark-gluon matter from black hole physics
• Inverse magnetic catalysis in the linear sigma model with quarks
• Phase Transitions in Particle Physics -- Results and Perspectives from Lattice Quantum Chromo-Dynamics
• Magnetic field effects on the static quark potential at zero and finite temperature
• Magnetic structure of isospin-asymmetric QCD matter in neutron stars
• Effective description of hot QCD medium in strong magnetic field and longitudinal conductivity
• Anisotropic pressure of deconfined QCD matter in presence of strong magnetic field within one-loop approximation
• Hot QCD Phase Diagram From Holographic Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton Models
• Anisotropic heavy quark potential in strongly-coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM in a magnetic field
• NJL-type models in the presence of intense magnetic fields: the role of the regularization prescription
• Effect of anomalous magnetic moment of quarks on the phase structure and mesonic properties in the NJL model
• Finite temperature quark-gluon vertex with a magnetic field in the Hard Thermal Loop approximation
• Strong-Field Physics in QED and QCD: From Fundamentals to Applications
• Heavy meson spectroscopy under strong magnetic field
• Chiral hydrodynamics in strong external magnetic fields
• Search for the QCD Critical Point in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
• One-loop QCD thermodynamics in a strong homogeneous and static magnetic field
• QCD phase diagram in a magnetized medium from the chiral symmetry perspective: The linear sigma model with quarks and the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model effective descriptions
• Fluctuations and correlations of net baryon number, electric charge and strangeness in a background magnetic field
• Chiral condensates and screening masses of neutral pseudoscalar mesons in thermomagnetic QCD medium
• Magnetic susceptibility of a strongly interacting thermal medium with 2+1 quark flavors
• A quenched 2-flavour Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gauge-gravity model
• Magnetic field dependence of the neutral pion mass in the linear sigma model with quarks: The strong field case
• Thermodynamics of 2+1 Flavor Polyakov-Loop Quark-Meson Model under External Magnetic Field
• Kubo estimation of the electrical conductivity for a hot relativistic fluid in the presence of a magnetic field
• Chiral phase structure of three flavor QCD in a background magnetic field
• Transport properties of hadronic matter in magnetic field
• Static magnetic susceptibility in finite-density SU(2) lattice gauge theory
• Chiral phase structure and sixteen meson states in SU(3) Polyakov linear-sigma model at finite temperature and chemical potential in strong magnetic field
• Magnetothermodynamics of BPS baby skyrmions
• Light pseudo-scalar meson masses under strong magnetic fields within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
• Octet Baryons in Large Magnetic Fields
• Heavy quark potential and LQCD based quark condensate at finite magnetic field
• Chiral magnetic properties of QCD phase-diagram
• Effect of a magnetic field on the thermodynamic properties of a high-temperature hadron resonance gas with van der Waals interactions
• Overview of external electromagnetism and rotation in lattice QCD
• Holographic QCD and magnetic fields
• On electric fields in hot QCD: perturbation theory
• Magnetising the $\mathcal{N}=4$ Super Yang-Mills plasma
• QCD Equation of State at nonzero baryon density in external magnetic field
• Inverse magnetic catalysis and energy loss in holographic QCD model
• Electric field induction in quark-gluon plasma due to thermoelectric effects
• Revisiting shear stress tensor evolution: Non-resistive magnetohydrodynamics with momentum-dependent relaxation time
• Strongly Magnetized Hot QCD Matter and Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Hot perturbative QCD in a very strong magnetic background
• Functional renormalization group study of neutral and charged pion under magnetic fields in the quark-meson model
• Cold and dense perturbative QCD in a very strong magnetic background
• Exploring the properties of the phases of QCD matter - research opportunities and priorities for the next decade
• Energy loss of heavy quarks in the presence of magnetic field
• Anisotropy of magnetized quark matter
• Magnetic field dependence of the neutral pion longitudinal screening mass in the linear sigma model with quarks
• Magnetized AdS/BCFT Correspondence in Horndeski Gravity
• Magnetic susceptibility at zero and nonzero chemical potential in QCD and QED
• QCD Thermodynamics and Neutral Pion in a Uniform Magnetic Field: Finite Volume Effects
• Thermomagnetic correlation lengths of strongly interacting matter in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
• Chiral condensates and screening masses of neutral pseudoscalar mesons from lattice QCD at physical quark masses
• Hadron gas in the presence of a magnetic field using non-extensive statistics: A transition from diamagnetic to paramagnetic system
• Quarkonia dissociation at finite magnetic field in the presence of momentum anisotropy
• The D4/D8 model and holographic QCD
• Detecting scale anomaly in chiral phase transition of QCD: new critical endpoint pinned down
• QCD Phase-transition and chemical freezeout in nonzero magnetic field at NICA
• Towards a unified interpretation of the early Universe in $R^2$-corrected dark energy model of $F(R)$ gravity
• Charged particles interaction in both a finite volume and a uniform magnetic field II: topological and analytic properties of a magnetic system
• Steady electric currents in magnetized QCD and their use for the equation of state
• External magnetic field induced paramagnetic squeezing effect in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC
• Effect of magnetic field on jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}$
• Influence of magnetic field-induced anisotropic gluon pressure during pre-equilibrium in heavy-ion collisions: A faster road towards isotropization
• Thermomagnetic effects on light pseudo-scalar meson masses within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona--Lasinio model
• Strongly interacting matter in extreme magnetic fields
• Chiral dynamics with confinement versus the standard chiral theory
• Axial inverse magnetic catalysis
• Chiral Properties of $(2+1)$-Flavor QCD in Magnetic Fields at Zero Temperature
• Fate of the first-order chiral phase transition in QCD: Implications for dark QCD studied via a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
• Finite size effect on the thermodynamics of a hot and magnetized hadron resonance gas
• Correlations and fluctuations in a magnetized three-flavor PNJL model with and without inverse magnetic catalysis effect
• Thermodynamics of strongly magnetized dense quark matter from hard dense loop perturbation theory
• Polarization Dynamics in Paramagnet of Charged Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Thermal Field Theory in the Presence of a Background Magnetic Field and its Application to QCD
• Hadronic matter at the edge: A survey of some theoretical approaches to the physics of the QCD phase diagram
• Thermo-magnetic nonlocal NJL model in the real and imaginary time formalisms
• Short Note on Spin Magnetization in QGP
• Holographic deconfined QGP phase diagram and entropy with an anomalous flow in a magnetic field background
• On electric fields in hot QCD: infrared regularization dependence
• Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Pion Decay in a Magnetic Field
• The Magnetic Field Effect on Thermodynamics of Hot QCD Matter using Extensive and non-Extensive Statistics
• Magnetodynamic Characteristics and QGP Energy Dissipation in RMHD Framework with Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions