Revealing Asymmetries in the HD 181327 Debris Disk: A Recent Massive Collision or ISM Warping

Abstract

New multi-roll coronagraphic images of the HD 181327 debris disk obtained using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) reveal the debris ring in its entirety at high S/N and unprecedented spatial resolution. We present and apply a new multi-roll image processing routine to identify and further remove quasi-static PSF-subtraction residuals and quantify systematic uncertainties. We also use a new iterative image deprojection technique to constrain the true disk geometry and aggressively remove any surface brightness asymmetries that can be explained without invoking dust density enhancements/deficits. The measured empirical scattering phase function for the disk is more forward scattering than previously thought and is not well-fit by a Henyey-Greenstein function. The empirical scattering phase function varies with stellocentric distance, consistent with the expected radiation pressured-induced size segregation exterior to the belt. Within the belt, the empirical scattering phase function contradicts unperturbed debris ring models, suggesting the presence of an unseen planet. The radial profile of the flux density is degenerate with a radially-varying scattering phase function; therefore estimates of the ring's true width and edge slope may be highly uncertain. We detect large scale asymmetries in the disk, consistent with either the recent catastrophic disruption of a body with mass >1% the mass of Pluto, or disk warping due to strong interactions with the interstellar medium (ISM).

arXiv commentAccepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (35)

• Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction
• A giant planet imaged in the disk of the young star Beta Pictoris
• The Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of the Solar neighbourhood III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics
• Collisions Between Gravity-Dominated Bodies: 1. Outcome Regimes and Scaling Laws
• Collisions between Gravity-Dominated Bodies: 2. The Diversity of Impact Outcomes during the End Stage of Planet Formation
• A planetary system as the origin of structure in Fomalhaut's dust belt
• How Observations of Circumstellar Disk Asymmetries Can Reveal Hidden Planets: Pericenter Glow and its Application to the HR 4796 Disk
• Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35495 Hipparcos Stars in a Common System
• 3D maps of the local ISM from inversion of individual color excess measurements
• Fomalhaut's Debris Disk and Planet: Constraining the Mass of Fomalhaut b From Disk Morphology
• Dust Dynamics, Surface Brightness Profiles, and Thermal Spectra of Debris Disks: The Case of AU Mic
• HST/ACS Multiband Coronagraphic Imaging of the Debris Disk around Beta Pictoris
• The Geometry of Resonant Signatures in Debris Disks with Planets
• Predictions for a planet just inside Fomalhaut's eccentric ring
• STIS Coronagraphic Imaging of Fomalhaut: Main Belt Structure and the Orbit of Fomalhaut b
• Constraining the Planetary System of Fomalhaut Using High-Resolution ALMA Observations
• Debris from terrestrial planet formation: the Moon-forming collision
• Debris from giant impacts between planetary embryos at large orbital radii
• STIS Imaging of the HR 4796A Circumstellar Debris Ring
• An icy Kuiper-Belt around the young solar-type star HD 181327
• Discovery of an 86 AU Radius Debris Ring Around HD 181327
• Discovery of extreme asymmetry in the debris disk surrounding HD 15115
• Interstellar Medium Sculpting of the HD 32297 Disk
• Complex Organic Materials in the Circumstellar Disk of HR 4796A
• Collisional dust avalanches in debris discs
• Images of the Extended Outer Regions of the Debris Ring Around HR 4796 A
• Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the HD 202628 Debris Disk
• Predictions for Shepherding Planets in Scattered Light Images of Debris Disks
• Hubble Space Telescope Optical Imaging of the Eroding Debris Disk HD 61005
• LIDT-DD: A new self-consistent debris disc model including radiation pressure and coupling collisional and dynamical evolution
• A Possible Icy Kuiper Belt around HD 181327
• Observing planet-disk interaction in debris disks
• Grain Size segregation in debris discs
• The Transit Light Curve of an Exozodiacal Dust Cloud
• On how the optical depth tunes the effects of ISM neutral atom flow on debris disks

Cited by in corpus (55)

• Debris Disks: Structure, Composition, and Variability
• Probing for Exoplanets Hiding in Dusty Debris Disks: Disk Imaging, Characterization, and Exploration with HST/STIS Multi-Roll Coronagraphy
• Maximizing the ExoEarth Candidate Yield from a Future Direct Imaging Mission
• Exocometary gas in the HD 181327 debris ring
• Near-infrared scattered light properties of the HR4796A dust ring: a measured scattering phase function from 13.6deg to 166.6deg
• SONS: The JCMT legacy survey of debris discs in the submillimetre
• Non-negative Matrix Factorization: Robust Extraction of Extended Structures
• Debris Disks in the Scorpius-Centaurus OB Association Resolved by ALMA
• Azimuthal asymmetries in the debris disk around HD61005
• Stirring in massive, young debris discs from spatially resolved Herschel images
• The Inner Disk Structure, Disk-Planet Interactions, and Temporal Evolution in the Beta Pictoris System: A Two-Epoch HST/STIS Coronagraphic Study
• Constraints on Planetesimal Collision Models in Debris Disks
• Gap Clearing by Planets in a Collisional Debris Disk
• Planet populations inferred from debris discs: insights from 178 debris systems in the ISPY, LEECH and LIStEN planet-hunting surveys
• A gap in HD 92945's broad planetesimal disc revealed by ALMA
• Collisional modelling of the AU Microscopii debris disc
• The effect of dust composition and shape on radiation-pressure forces and blowout sizes of particles in debris disks
• Saturn's G and D rings provide nearly complete measured scattering/phase functions of nearby debris disks
• On the Morphology and Chemical Composition of the HR 4796A Debris Disk
• Resolving faint structures in the debris disk around TWA7
• An Exo-Kuiper Belt and An Extended Halo around HD 191089 in Scattered Light
• A SMACK Model of Colliding Planetesimals in the $\beta$ Pictoris Debris Disk
• From scattered-light to millimeter emission: A comprehensive view of the Gyr-old system of HD 202628 and its eccentric debris ring
• Discovery of an Inner Disk Component around HD 141569 A
• A $75\%$ Occurrence Rate of Debris Discs around F stars in the $\beta$ Pic Moving Group
• Deep HST/STIS Visible-Light Imaging of Debris Systems around Solar Analog Hosts
• Insights into planet formation from debris disks: II. Giant impacts in extrasolar planetary systems
• The vertical structure of debris disks and the impact of gas
• Multiband GPI Imaging of the HR 4796A Debris Disk
• The Pseudo-zodi Problem for Edge-on Planetary Systems
• The HR 4796A Debris System: Discovery of Extensive Exo-Ring Dust Material
• The challenge of measuring the phase function of debris disks. Application to HR\,4796
• Consistent dust and gas models for protoplanetary disks IV. A panchromatic view of protoplanetary disks
• Investigating the presence of two belts in the HD 15115 system
• The First Scattered Light Image of the Debris Disk around the Sco-Cen target HD 129590
• Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): VI. Detecting rocky exoplanets in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars
• A Layered Debris Disk around M Star TWA 7 in Scattered Light
• SCExAO/CHARIS Near-IR High-Contrast Imaging and Integral Field Spectroscopy of the HIP 79977 Debris Disk
• The Mysterious Dimmings of the T Tauri Star V1334 Tau
• A near-infrared interferometric survey of debris-disk stars. VII. The hot/warm dust connection
• Debris Disk Color with the Hubble Space Telescope
• Characterizing the morphology of the debris disk around the low-mass star GSC~07396-00759
• A re-investigation of debris disc halos
• Debris Disks: Probing Planet Formation
• Near-Infrared Image of the Debris Disk around HD 15115
• ExoVista: A Suite of Planetary System Models for Exoplanet Studies
• Post-processing of the HST STIS coronagraphic observations
• High resolution ALMA and HST imaging of $\kappa$CrB: a broad debris disc around a post-main sequence star with low-mass companions
• Water ice in the debris disk around HD 181327
• Multi-wavelength aperture polarimetry of debris disc host stars
• Scattered polarized radiation of extrasolar circumplanetary rings
• The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) VIII: A dust arc and non-Keplerian gas kinematics in HD 121617
• Three new late-type stellar companions to very dusty WISE debris disks identified with VLT/SPHERE imaging
• NMF-based GPU accelerated coronagraphy pipeline
• What you see is not necessarily what you get: Interpreting near-infrared scattering phase functions of debris discs