Pair-Density-Wave Superconducting States and Electronic Liquid Crystal Phases

Abstract

In conventional superconductors the Cooper pairs have a zero center of mass momentum. In this paper we present a theory of superconducting states where the Cooper pairs have a nonzero center of mass momentum, inhomogeneous superconducting states known as a pair-density-waves (PDW) states. We show that in a system of spin-1/2 fermions in 2 dimensions in an electronic nematic spin triplet phase where rotational symmetry is broken both in real and in spin space PDW phases arise naturally in a theory that can be analyzed using controlled approximations. We show that several superfluid phases that may arise in this phase can be treated within a controlled BCS mean field theory, with the strength of the spin-triplet nematic order parameter playing the role of the small parameter of this theory. We find that in a spin-triplet nematic phase, in addition of a triplet $p$-wave and spin-singlet $d$-wave (or $s$ depending on the nematic phase) uniform superconducting states, it is also possible to have a $d$-wave (or $s$) PDW superconductor. The PDW phases found here can be either unidirectional, bidirectional or tridirectional depending on the spin-triplet nematic phase and which superconducting channel is dominant. In addition, a triple-helix state is found in a particular channel. We show that these PDW phases are present in the weak coupling limit, in contrast to the usual Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phases which require strong coupling physics in addition to a large magnetic field (and often both).

arXiv comment23 pages, 12 figures; two new SC states considered in section IV-A, two references added, expanded appendix; to appear in Physical Review B

References in corpus (66)

• Matrix Product States, Projected Entangled Pair States, and variational renormalization group methods for quantum spin systems
• How to detect fluctuating order in the high-temperature superconductors
• Electronic Liquid Crystal Phases of a Doped Mott Insulator
• Long-range incommensurate charge fluctuations in (Y,Nd)Ba2Cu3O(6+x)
• Direct observation of competition between superconductivity and charge density wave order in YBa2Cu3Oy
• Evidence for an electron nematic phase transition in underdoped iron pnictide superconductors
• Magnetic-field-induced charge-stripe order in the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3Oy
• Inhomogeneous Superconductivity in Condensed Matter and QCD
• Nematic Fermi Fluids in Condensed Matter Physics
• An Intrinsic Bond-Centered Electronic Glass with Unidirectional Domains in Underdoped Cuprates
• Intra-unit-cell electronic nematicity of the high-Tc copper-oxide pseudogap states
• Broken rotational symmetry in the pseudogap phase of a high-Tc superconductor
• Antiferromagnetic Order Induced by an Applied Magnetic Field in a High-Temperature Superconductor
• Electronic liquid crystal state in the high-temperature superconductor YBCO(6.45)
• Local Ordering in the Pseudogap State of the High-T${}_c$ Superconductor Bi${}_2$Sr${}_2$CaCu${}_2$O${}_{8+\delta }$
• Magnetic order in the pseudogap phase of high-$T_C$ superconductors
• Lattice symmetry breaking in cuprate superconductors: Stripes, nematics, and superconductivity
• Competing states in the t-J model: uniform d-wave state versus stripe state
• d-wave superconductivity and Pomeranchuk instability in the two-dimensional Hubbard model
• Quantum Theory of a Nematic Fermi Fluid
• Electrical Resistivity Anisotropy from Self-Organized One-Dimensionality in High-Temperature Superconductors
• Spin Waves and Magnetic Exchange Interactions in CaFe2As2
• Spatially modulated "Mottness" in La2-xBaxCuO4
• Polar Kerr Effect Measurements of YBa2Cu3O6+x: Evidence for Broken Symmetry Near the Pseudogap Temperature
• Two-Dimensional Superconducting Fluctuations in Stripe-Ordered La(1.875)Ba(0.125)CuO(4)
• Striped superconductors: How the cuprates intertwine spin, charge and superconducting orders
• Dynamical layer decoupling in a stripe-ordered, high T_c superconductor
• Superconductivity in the repulsive Hubbard model: an asymptotically exact weak-coupling solution
• Distinct Charge Orders in the Planes and Chains of Ortho-III-Ordered YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{6+\delta }$ Superconductors Identified by Resonant Elastic X-ray Scattering
• Stripe order, depinning, and fluctuations in La${}_{1.875}$Ba${}_{0.125}$CuO${}_4$ and La${}_{1.875}$Ba${}_{0.075}$Sr${}_{0.050}$CuO${}_4$
• Charge $4e$ superconductivity from pair density wave order in certain high temperature superconductors
• Rotational Symmetry Breaking in the Hidden-Order Phase of URu2Si2
• Dislocations and vortices in pair density wave superconductors
• Thermodynamic phase diagram of static charge order in underdoped YBCO
• Fermi liquid instabilities in the spin channel
• Stripes in the two-dimensional t-J model with infinite projected entangled-pair states
• Evidence for unusual superconducting correlations coexisting with stripe order in La(1.875)Ba(0.125)CuO(4)
• Quantum liquid crystals in imbalanced Fermi gas: fluctuations and fractional vortices in Larkin-Ovchinnikov states
• Manifestations of nematic degrees of freedom in the magnetic, elastic, and superconducting properties of the iron pnictides
• Polar Kerr Effect as Probe for Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking in Unconventional Superconductors
• Topological Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in Spin-orbit Coupled Fermi Gases
• Nematicity as a probe of superconducting pairing in iron-based superconductors
• Fluctuations and phase transitions in Larkin-Ovchinnikov liquid crystal states of population-imbalanced resonant Fermi gas
• Hidden magnetic excitation in the pseudogap phase of a model cuprate superconductor
• Unidirectional d-wave superconducting domains in the two-dimensional t-J model
• High Temperature Superconductivity: Ineluctable Complexity
• Unconventional superfluid in a two-dimensional Fermi gas with anisotropic spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman fields
• Structure of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in two-dimensional superconductors
• Formation of Electronic Nematic Phase in Interacting Systems
• Pair Density Wave correlations in the Kondo-Heisenberg Model
• Nature of Stripes in the Generalized t-J Model Applied to The Cuprate Superconductors
• Kerr effect as evidence of gyrotropic order in the cuprates
• Pair-Density-Wave Superconducting Order in Two-Leg Ladders
• Mean-Field Analysis of Intra-Unit-Cell Order in the Emery Model of the CuO${}_2$ Plane
• Superconductivity with Finite-Momentum Pairing in Zero Magnetic Field
• Competition of Fermi surface symmetry breaking and superconductivity
• Towards a two-dimensional superconducting state of La${}_{2-x}$Sr${}_x$CuO${}_2$ in a moderate external magnetic field
• Conventional and charge six superfluids from melting hexagonal Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phases in two dimensions
• Stability of RVB hole stripes in high-temperature superconductors
• Pairing Theory of Striped Superconductivity
• How many quantum phase transitions exist inside the superconducting dome of the iron pnictides?
• Uniaxial linear resistivity of superconducting La(1.905)Ba(0.095)CuO(4) induced by an external magnetic field
• Pairing Instability in a Nematic Fermi Liquid
• Unconventional Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov pairing states in a Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling
• Breakdown of the universal Josephson relation in spin ordered cuprate superconductors
• Particle-hole condensates of higher angular momentum in hexagonal systems

Cited by in corpus (52)

• Theory of Intertwined Orders in High Temperature Superconductors
• The Physics of Pair Density Waves
• Weak-Pairing Higher Order Topological Superconductors
• Finite-momentum Cooper pairing in proximitized altermagnets
• Emergent space-time supersymmetry in 3D Weyl and 2D Dirac semimetals
• Unconventional superconductivity in bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides
• Interplay between pair-density-wave and charge-density-wave orders in underdoped cuprates
• Pair-density-wave and chiral superconductivity in twisted bilayer transition-metal-dichalcogenides
• Superconducting phenomena in systems with unconventional magnets
• Interplay between superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid at a quantum-critical point in a metal. I: The $\gamma$-model and its phase diagram at $T=0$. The case $0<\gamma <1$
• Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state induced by antiferromagnetic order in $\kappa$-type organic conductors
• Altermagnetism and superconductivity in a multiorbital t-J model
• Interplay between Pair Density Wave and a Nested Fermi Surface
• Pair-Density-Wave in the Strong Coupling Limit of the Holstein-Hubbard model
• Pair Density Waves from Local Band Geometry
• Topological density-wave states in a particle-hole symmetric Weyl metal
• Weak-Coupling Theory of Pair Density-Wave Instabilities in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
• Microscopic mechanism for fluctuating pair density wave
• Superconductivity of incoherent electrons in Yukawa-SYK model
• Topological Pair-Density-Wave Superconducting States
• Triplet Pair-Density Wave Superconductivity on the $\pi$-flux Square Lattice
• Pair Density Waves and Supercurrent Diode Effect in Altermagnets
• Quasi One Dimensional Pair Density Wave Superconducting State
• Singlet, Triplet and Pair Density Wave Superconductivity in the Doped Triangular-Lattice Moiré System
• Suppression of superfluid stiffness near Lifshitz-point instability to finite momentum superconductivity
• Finite-momentum superconductivity in two-dimensional altermagnets with a Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling
• Higgs Modes in the Pair Density Wave Superconducting State
• Exact solution for finite center-of-mass momentum Cooper pairing
• Self-consistent theory of $2\times 2$ pair density waves in kagome superconductors
• Phase-modulated superconductivity via altermagnetism
• Intra-unit-cell singlet pairing mediated by altermagnetic fluctuations
• Mass hierarchy in collective modes of pair-density-wave superconductors
• Floating Edge Bands in the Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang model with Altermagnetism
• Interplay between uni-directional and bi-directional charge-density-wave orders in underdoped cuprates
• Pair-density-wave superconductivity: a microscopic model on 2D honeycomb lattice
• Phonon-induced rotation of the electronic nematic director in superconducting Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Conditions for orbital selective altermagnetism in Sr${}_2$RuO${}_4$: tight binding model, similarities with cuprates and implications on superconductivity
• Unconventional superconductivity of an altermagnetic metal: Polarized BCS and inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states
• Intertwined Orders and the Physics of High Temperature Superconductors
• Optically active Higgs and Leggett modes in multiband pair-density-wave superconductors with Lifshitz invariant
• Quantum Lifshitz points in an altermagnetic metal
• Strong pair-density-wave fluctuations in an exactly solvable doped Mott insulator
• Efficiency of the superconducting diode effect of pair-density-wave states in two-dimensional $d$-wave altermagnets
• Inherent momentum-dependent gap structure of altermagnetic superconductors
• Electronic structure of topological defects in the pair density wave superconductor
• Finite-momentum and field-induced pairings in orbital-singlet spin-triplet superconductors
• Gapless Triplet Superconductivity in Magnetically Polarized Media
• Altermagnetism-driven FFLO superconductivity in finite-filling 2D lattices
• Effective field theory of an anomalous Hall metal from interband quantum fluctuations
• Pair-density-wave phase of strongly interacting electrons on the triangular lattice: A variational Monte Carlo study
• Superconducting States and Intertwined Orders in Metallic Altermagnets
• Field-induced topological pair-density wave states in a multilayer optical lattice