Twin matter waves for interferometry beyond the classical limit

Abstract

Interferometers with atomic ensembles constitute an integral part of modern precision metrology. However, these interferometers are fundamentally restricted by the shot noise limit, which can only be overcome by creating quantum entanglement among the atoms. We used spin dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensates to create large ensembles of up to $10^4$ pair-correlated atoms with an interferometric sensitivity $-1.61_{-1.1}^{+0.98}$ dB beyond the shot noise limit. Our proof-of-principle results point the way toward a new generation of atom interferometers.

main text plus supporting online material: 12 pages 9 figures

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• Parametric amplification of vacuum fluctuations in a spinor condensate
• Multi-resonant spinor dynamics in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Spontaneous breaking of spatial and spin symmetry in spinor condensates
• Differential atom interferometry beyond the standard quantum limit

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