Thermally-robust spin correlations between two 85Rb atoms in an optical microtrap

Abstract

The complex collisional properties of atoms fundamentally limit investigations into a range of processes in many-atom ensembles. In contrast, the bottom-up assembly of few- and many-body systems from individual atoms offers a controlled approach to isolating and studying such collisional processes. Here, we use optical tweezers to individually assemble pairs of trapped ${}^{85}$Rb atoms, and study the spin dynamics of the two-body system in a thermal state. The spin-2 atoms show strong pair correlation between magnetic sublevels on timescales exceeding one second, with measured relative number fluctuations $11.9\pm 0.3$ dB below quantum shot noise, limited only by detection efficiency. Spin populations display relaxation dynamics consistent with simulations and theoretical predictions for ${}^{85}$Rb spin interactions, and contrary to the coherent spin waves witnessed in finite-temperature many-body experiments and zero-temperature two-body experiments. Our experimental approach offers a versatile platform for studying two-body quantum dynamics and may provide a route to thermally-robust entanglement generation.

arXiv comment11 pages + 7 pages supplemental, 5 figures. Close to published version, note slight change in title

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• Preparation of one ${}^{87}$Rb and one ${}^{133}$Cs atom in a single optical tweezer
• Pair Correlations and Photoassociation Dynamics of Two Atoms in an Optical Tweezer
• Feshbach Spectroscopy of Cs Atom Pairs in Optical Tweezers
• Probing the interaction energy of two ${}^{85}$Rb atoms in an optical tweezer via spin-motion coupling
• Near-threshold scaling of resonant inelastic collisions at ultralow temperatures
• Counterdiabatic driving for random-gap Landau-Zener transitions