Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates

Abstract

We demonstrate that the three-dimensional Skyrmion, which has remained elusive so far, spontaneously appears as the ground state of $SU$(2) symmetric Bose-Einstein condensates coupled with a non-Abelian gauge field. The gauge field is a three-dimensional analogue of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Upon squashing the SO(3) symmetric gauge field to one- or two-dimensional shapes, we find that the ground state continuously undergoes a change from a three-dimensional to a one- or two-dimensional Skyrmion, which is identified by estimating winding numbers and helicity. All of the emerged Skyrmions are physically understandable with the concept of the helical modulation in a unified way. These topological objects might potentially be realizable in two-component BECs experimentally.

5 pages, 3 figures

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• Spontaneous Skyrmion Ground States in Magnetic Metals
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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Transmutation from Skyrmions to Half-Solitons Driven by the Nonlinear Optical Spin-Hall Effect
• Matryoshka Skyrmions
• Structure of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with respective vortex-antivortex superposition states
• Topological interface physics of defects and textures in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Carbon-dioxide-like Skyrmion controlled by spin-orbit coupling in atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates