Multicriticality, Metastability, and Roton Feature in Bose-Einstein Condensates with Three-Dimensional Spin-Orbit Coupling

Abstract

We theoretically study homogeneously trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensates where all three momentum components couple to a pseudo-spin-$1/2$ degree of freedom. Tuning the anisotropies of spin-orbit coupling and the spin-dependent interactions is shown to provide access to a rich phase diagram with a tetracritical point, first-order phase transitions, and multiple metastable phases of stripe and plane-wave character. The elementary excitation spectrum of the axial plane-wave phase features an anisotropic roton feature and can be used to probe the phase diagram. In addition to providing a versatile laboratory for studying fundamental concepts in statistical physics, the emergence of metastable phases creates new opportunities for observing false-vacuum decay and bubble nucleation in ultra-cold-atom experiments.

5 pages, 4 figures

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Cited by in corpus (10)

• Quantum and thermal fluctuations in a Raman spin-orbit coupled Bose gas
• Optical-lattice-assisted magnetic phase transition in a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Quantum Phases of Two-Component Bosons with Spin-Orbit Coupling in Optical Lattices
• Motion of an Impurity in a Bose-Einstein Condensate with Weyl Spin-Orbit Coupling: Non-collinear Drag Force and Anisotropic Critical Velocity
• BCS pairing state of a Dilute Bose Gas with Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Magnetic and nematic phases in a Weyl type spin-orbit-coupled spin-1 Bose gas
• Spin-orbit coupled mean-field Bose gas at finite temperature
• Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of Weyl spin-orbit coupling
• Effect of Rashba spin-orbit and Rabi couplings on the excitation spectrum of binary Bose-Einstein condensates
• Thermal Casimir effect in the spin-orbit coupled Bose gas