Stamp transferred suspended graphene mechanical resonators for radio-frequency electrical readout

Abstract

We present a simple micromanipulation technique to transfer suspended graphene flakes onto any substrate and to assemble them with small localized gates into mechanical resonators. The mechanical motion of the graphene is detected using an electrical, radio-frequency (RF) reflection readout scheme where the time-varying graphene capacitor reflects a RF carrier at f=5-6 GHz producing modulation sidebands at f +/- fm. A mechanical resonance frequency up to fm=178 MHz is demonstrated. We find both hardening/softening Duffing effects on different samples, and obtain a critical amplitude of ~40 pm for the onset of nonlinearity in graphene mechanical resonators. Measurements of the quality factor of the mechanical resonance as a function of DC bias voltage Vdc indicate that dissipation due to motion-induced displacement currents in graphene electrode is important at high frequencies and large Vdc.

References in corpus (6)

• Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
• Ultrahigh electron mobility in suspended graphene
• Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics
• A tunable carbon nanotube electromechanical oscillator
• Probing thermal expansion of graphene and modal dispersion at low-temperature using graphene NEMS resonators
• Wedging Transfer of Nanostructures

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Photocurrent generation with two-dimensional van der Waals semiconductors
• Graphene mechanical oscillators with tunable frequency
• Optomechanical coupling between a multilayer graphene mechanical resonator and a superconducting microwave cavity
• Coupling graphene mechanical resonators to superconducting microwave cavities
• Mechanics of freely-suspended ultrathin layered materials
• Graphene optomechanics realized at microwave frequencies
• SU-8 clamped CVD graphene drum resonators
• Nonlinear phononics using atomically thin membranes
• Dry transfer method for suspended graphene on lift-off-resist: simple ballistic devices with Fabry-Pérot interference
• Cooling and entanglement of multimode graphene resonators via vacuum fluctuations
• Graphene resonator as an ultrasound detector for generalized Love waves in a polymer film with two level states
• Nanomechanical resonators show higher order nonlinearity at room temperature