Corotation torques experienced by planets embedded in weakly magnetized turbulent discs

Abstract

The migration of low-mass planets is driven by the differential Lindblad torque and the corotation torque in non-magnetic viscous models of protoplanetary discs. The corotation torque has recently received detailed attention as it may slow down, stall, or reverse migration. In laminar viscous disc models, the long-term evolution of the corotation torque is intimately related to viscous and thermal diffusion processes in the planet's horseshoe region. This paper examines the properties of the corotation torque in discs where MHD turbulence develops as a result of the magnetorotational instability, considering a weak initial toroidal magnetic field. We present results of 3D MHD simulations carried out with two different codes. Non-ideal MHD effects and the disc's vertical stratification are neglected, and locally isothermal disc models are considered. The running time-averaged torque exerted by the disc on a fixed planet is evaluated in three disc models. We first present results with an inner disc cavity (planet trap). As in viscous disc models, the planet is found to experience a positive running time-averaged torque over several hundred orbits, which highlights the existence of an unsaturated corotation torque maintained in the long term in MHD turbulent discs. Two disc models with initial power-law density and temperature profiles are also adopted, in which the time-averaged torque is found to be in decent agreement with its counterpart in laminar viscous disc models with similar viscosity at the planet location. Detailed analysis of the averaged torque density distributions indicates that the differential Lindblad torque takes very similar values in MHD turbulent and laminar viscous discs, and there exists an unsaturated corotation torque in MHD turbulent discs. This analysis also reveals the existence of an additional corotation torque in weakly magnetized discs.

16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

References in corpus (13)

• A High Order Godunov Scheme with Constrained Transport and Adaptive Mesh Refinement for Astrophysical MHD
• A comparative study of disc-planet interaction
• Toward a Deterministic Model of Planetary Formation V. Accumulation Near the Ice Line
• On the corotation torque in a radiatively inefficient disk
• Cavity opening by a giant planet in a protoplanetary disc and effects on planetary migration
• On corotation torques, horseshoe drag and the possibility of sustained stalled or outward protoplanetary migration
• On disc protoplanet interactions in a non-barotropic disc with thermal diffusion
• Saturated torque formula for planetary migration in viscous disks with thermal diffusion: recipe for protoplanet population synthesis
• 3D MHD Simulations of Planet Migration in Turbulent Stratified Disks
• Simulations of Magnetorotational Turbulence with a Higher-Order Godunov Scheme
• Building Giant-Planet Cores at a Planet Trap
• The Effect of Poloidal Magnetic Field on Type I Planetary Migration: Significance of Magnetic Resonance
• Local Linear Analysis of Interaction between a Planet and Viscous Disk and an Implication on Type I Planetary Migration

Cited by in corpus (35)

• Planet-disk interaction and orbital evolution
• Wind-driven Accretion in Protoplanetary Disks. I: Suppression of the Magnetorotational Instability and Launching of the Magnetocentrifugal Wind
• Global simulations of protoplanetary disks with ohmic resistivity and ambipolar diffusion
• Three Dimensional MHD Simulation of Circumbinary Accretion Disks: Disk Structures and Angular Momentum Transport
• FARGO3D: A new GPU-oriented MHD code
• Turbulence in the TW Hya Disk
• Dynamical corotation torques on low-mass planets
• Migration of Earth-size planets in 3D radiative discs
• Disk-planets interactions and the diversity of period ratios in Kepler's multi-planetary systems
• Interaction between massive planets on inclined orbits and circumstellar discs
• Low mass planets in protoplanetary disks with net vertical magnetic fields: the Planetary Wake and Gap Opening
• Formation, Orbital and Internal Evolutions of Young Planetary Systems
• Orbital migration of interacting low-mass planets in evolutionary radiative turbulent models
• Signatures of MRI-Driven Turbulence in Protoplanetary Disks: Predictions for ALMA Observations
• Global evolution of the magnetic field in a thin disc and its consequences for protoplanetary systems
• On the coexistence of the streaming instability and the vertical shear instability in protoplanetary disks
• Type I planet migration in weakly magnetised laminar discs
• Torques Induced by Scattered Pebble-flow in Protoplanetary Disks
• Origin of Weak Turbulence in the Outer Regions of Protoplanetary Disks
• Recent developments in planet migration theory
• Planet Formation: An Optimized Population-Synthesis Approach
• Three-dimensional Global Simulations of Type-II Planet-disk Interaction with a Magnetized Disk Wind: I. Magnetic Flux Concentration and Gap Properties
• N-body Simulations of Terrestrial Planet Formation under the Influence of a Hot Jupiter
• Low-mass planet migration in three dimensional wind-driven inviscid discs: a negative corotation torque
• 3D Simulations of Planet Trapping at Disc-Cavity Boundaries
• Thermodynamics of the dead-zone inner edge in protoplanetary disks
• The effects of a magnetic field on planetary migration in laminar and turbulent discs
• Dusty disc-planet interaction with dust-free simulations
• Oscillatory migration of accreting protoplanets driven by a 3D distortion of the gas flow
• Migrating Low-Mass Planets in Inviscid Dusty Protoplanetary Discs
• Pebble-driven migration of low-mass planets in the 2D regime of pebble accretion
• Protoplanetary migration in non-isothermal discs with turbulence driven by stochastic forcing
• MRI-driven angular momentum transport in protoplanetary disks
• Gap Opening in Protoplanetary Disks: Gas Dynamics from Global Non-ideal MHD Simulations with Consistent Thermochemistry
• Single Fluid vs. Multifluid: Comparison between single fluid and multifluid dust models for disc planet interactions