An Energy-Efficient Bennett Clocking Scheme for 4-State Multiferroic Logic

Abstract

Nanomagnets with biaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy have four stable magnetization orientations that can encode 4-state logic bits (00), (01), (11) and (10). Recently, a 4-state NOR gate derived from three such nanomagnets, interacting via dipole interaction, was proposed. Here, we devise a Bennett clocking scheme to propagate 4-state logic bits unidirectionally between such gates. The nanomagnets are assumed to be made of 2-phase strain-coupled magnetostrictive/piezoelectric multiferroic elements, such as nickel and lead zirconate titanate (PZT). A small voltage of 200 mV applied across the piezoelectric layer can generate enough mechanical stress in the magnetostrictive layer to rotate its magnetization away from one of the four stable orientations and implement Bennett clocking. We show that a particular sequence of positive and negative voltages will propagate 4-state logic bits unidirectionally down a chain of such multiferroic nanomagnets for logic flow.

Manuscript submitted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology

References in corpus (4)

• Spin Transfer Torques
• Electron Spin for Classical Information Processing: A Brief Survey of Spin-Based Logic Devices, Gates and Circuits
• Switching Energy of Ferromagnetic Logic Bits
• An ultrafast image recovery and recognition system implemented with nanomagnets possessing biaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Switching of Dipole Coupled Multiferroic Nanomagnets in the Presence of Thermal Noise: Reliability of Nanomagnetic Logic
• Exploring Performance, Coherence, and Clocking of Magnetization in Multiferroic Four-State Nanomagnets
• An ultrafast image recovery and recognition system implemented with nanomagnets possessing biaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy
• Multiferroic Micro-Motors with Deterministic Single Input Control
• Reducing error rates in straintronic multiferroic dipole-coupled nanomagnetic logic by pulse shaping